Materials and methods: Analysis of the numbers of MNB hospitalizations and death rate through Unified Health System (UHS), from 2008 to 2013 in Brazil. The Hospital Information System (HIS) -Unified Health System Informatics Department (UHSID) provided data. Results: MNB corresponded to 1.89% (17th cause) of the hospitalizations by neoplasms in Brazil, which had been rising since 2008, but decreased 8.3% in 2013. São Paulo was the state with the highest absolute values, responsible for 27.15% of national hospitalizations. However, stratified data evidenced Rio Grande do Sul with the highest rates for all years analyzed, with an average rate of 483.83, and a peak in 2012 (512.49), which was higher than national average (315.55), while São Paulo had an average of 351.00. Regarding death rates, although there was a slight decrease in 2013, MNB remained the 7th cause (13.65%). Conclusion: MNB are the 17th in hospitalizations in Brazil, corresponds to approximately 2% of the malignant neoplasms, befitting the literature, as well as the distribution pattern, presenting more cases in regions with higher HDI. They were also the 7th cause of deaths in the country, evidencing their high lethality.
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