Background Infections caused by Shewanella spp. have been increasingly reported worldwide. The advances in genomic sciences have enabled better understanding about the taxonomy and epidemiology of this agent. However, the scarcity of DNA sequencing data is still an obstacle for understanding the genus and its association with infections in humans and animals. Results In this study, we report the first isolation and whole-genome sequencing of a Shewanella algae strain from a swine farm in Brazil using the boot sock method, as well as the resistance profile of this strain to antimicrobials. The isolate was first identified as Shewanella putrefaciens, but after whole-genome sequencing it showed greater similarity with Shewanella algae. The strain showed resistance to 46.7% of the antimicrobials tested, and 26 resistance genes were identified in the genome. Conclusions This report supports research made with Shewanella spp. and gives a step forward for understanding its taxonomy and epidemiology. It also highlights the risk of emerging pathogens with high resistance to antimicrobial formulas that are important to public health.
Leptospirosis in sheep is often underestimated, and leads to great economic losses for the sheep farming industry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the humoral immune response in pregnant ewes, after the injection of a commercial polyvalent vaccine for leptospirosis, and to observe the transmission of anti-Leptospira antibodies through the colostrum to the offspring. For this, 24 pregnant ewes were vaccinated for leptospirosis. Blood samples were collected prior to vaccination and then 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 and 49 days after vaccination. In order to evaluate passive immunity transfer, blood samples of 32 lambs were collected during the first 48 hours after birth, and another collection was performed 10 to 21 days after birth. The lambs were placed into 2 groups: Group A (n=16): singleton lambs; and group B (n=16): twins. The sera samples were submitted to the Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT), in which 21 Leptospira serovars were tested. The results were analyzed in a descriptive form. The number of sheep reactive to MAT gradually increased until 21 days after vaccination, and decreased right after. Of all the serovars contained in the vaccine, the largest proportion of animals were seroconverted to Hardjoprajtino serovar, Serjoe serogroup. Anti-Leptospira antibodies transferred through colostrum to lambs were detected by MAT in the serum collected 24-48 hours after birth. It was observed that 65.6% (21 out of 32) of the lambs were reactive. In the subsequent collections that occurred from 10 to 21 days after birth, a decrease in the number of animals reactive to the MAT was detected. There was no significant statistical difference for the passive transfer of antibodies between single or twin lambs.
Objective Probiotics have been used in poultry production to improve the performance and health of chickens raised without antibiotics. The combination of different probiotic strains has been used with the hope of conferring multiple benefits to the host. However, the inclusion of several strains does not necessarily boost benefits. There is a lack of studies that compare the efficacy of multi-strain probiotics to their individual components. In this study, the effects of a Bacillus-based probiotic product mix containing B. coagulans, B. licheniformis, B. pumilus, and B. subtilis against Clostridium perfringens were tested in vitro using a co-culture method. The individual strains and different combinations of the strains used in the product were also tested against C. perfringens. Results The probiotic product mix tested in this study did not show effects against C. perfringens (P = 0.499). When tested individually, the strain of B. subtilis was the most efficient strain to decrease C. perfringens concentrations (P ≤ 0.01), and the addition of other Bacillus species strains significantly decreased its efficacy against C. perfringens. We concluded that the probiotic mix of Bacillus strains used in this study (B. coagulans, B. licheniformis, B. pumilus and B subtilis) was not effective in decreasing C. perfringens concentrations in vitro. However, when deconstructing the probiotic, the strain of B. subtilis alone or combined with the strain of B. licheniformis were effective against C. perfringens. This suggests that the anticlostridial properties of the particular strains of Bacillus used in this study were negatively affected when combined with other Bacillus spp. strains.
Agradeço à todos que contribuíram para a minha construção como profissional e ser humano. O mestrado foi um divisor de águas na minha vida e que me fez ter momentos inimagináveis. Foi tempo de crescimento, amadurecimento e de certeza de estar no caminho certo.Agradeço à minha família que sempre me apoiou e incentivou a seguir uma carreira acadêmica. Pelo amor e pela paciência em muitas vezes ter que me apoiar financeiramente e emocionalmente. Nas vezes que pensei que tudo isso seria obsoleto, eu lembrava que de alguma forma eu estava atingindo meus sonhos e aos seus também.À minha mestra, Profa Dra. Letticie, por ter me proporcionado a melhor experiência que já tive profissionalmente. Por ter me ensinado muito além da técnica, me apresentado a ética, a sabedoria, a determinação e a paixão por fazer algo que gosta. Obrigado por ter me aceitado como seu aluno e amigo, e espero um dia poder retribuir de alguma forma tudo aquilo que aprendi com você.Aos meus amigos que tanto me apoiaram durante todo esse tempo. Obrigado pelas viagens, pelas visitas, pelos jantares. Obrigado por estarem nos melhores e piores momentos, e principalmente, por terem me incentivado a seguir em frente, mesmo quando tudo parecia muito difícil.Agradeço imensamente aos meus colegas de pós-graduação da USP que me ajudaram a passar por todo o processo. Obrigado pelos almoços no "bandex", seminários intermináveis e companhia de aulas e palestras.Agradeço à todos os colegas de laboratório, em especial, a Dra. Andreia que tanto me ajudou com os experimentos, conselhos e "terapias" nas nossas intermináveis tardes de quarta-feira. Obrigado pelo carinho, pelos churrascos e pela diversão de trabalhar em um grupo tão divertido. Agradeço à Profa. Dra. Ana Maria, por ter me ajudado em tantos pontos do meu mestrado, me aconselhando e motivando. Obrigado pelos queijos, doces de leite, cafés e bate-papo nos momentos de descontração. Agradeço à todas as pessoas que fizeram parte nestes dois anos que estive em Pirassununga. Sou grato por ter dividido um dos mais importantes da minha vida com vocês. RESUMO ALVES, V. B. A. Detecção de Enterobacteriaceae e avaliação do perfil de resistência aos antimicrobianos de cepas isoladas a partir de fluido oral de suínos. 2020. 56 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) -
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