The rotational spectra of ethyl methyl ketone, CH3CH2COCH3, were measured in the microwave region from 2 to 40 GHz using two molecular beam Fourier transform microwave spectrometers. Splittings due to internal rotations of both, the acetyl methyl group -COCH3 and the ethyl methyl group CH3CH2CO-, could be completely resolved. All measured transitions were fitted using two different codes, XIAM and BELGI-Cs-2Tops. Molecular parameters like the rotational constants and the centrifugal distortion constants were determined with very high accuracy. The barrier to internal rotation of the acetyl methyl group was fitted to 181.502(98) cm(-1), much lower than the value of 763.87(65) cm(-1) found for the ethyl methyl group. The splittings in the spectrum due to internal rotation of the acetyl methyl group are accordingly much larger, up to 1.2 GHz, whereas for the ethyl methyl group only splittings from a few hundreds of kHz up to 4 MHz were observed.
The molecular-beam Fourier transform microwave spectrum of 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran is recorded in the frequency range 2-26.5 GHz. Quantum chemical calculations calculate two conformers with trans or cis configuration of the acetyl group, both of which are assigned in the experimental spectrum. All rotational transitions split into quintets due to the internal rotations of two nonequivalent methyl groups. By using the program XIAM, the experimental spectra can be simulated with standard deviations within the measurement accuracy, and yield well-determined rotational and internal rotation parameters, inter alia the V potentials. Whereas the V barrier height of the ring-methyl rotor does not change for the two conformers, that of the acetyl-methyl rotor differs by about 100 cm . The predicted values from quantum chemistry are only on the correct order of magnitude.
The microwave spectrum of 2,5-dimethylthiophene, a sulfur-containing five-membered ring with two conjugated double bonds, was recorded in the frequency range from 2 to 40 GHz using molecular beam Fourier transform technique. Highly accurate molecular parameters were determined. A labeling scheme for the group G36 written as the semi-direct product (C(I)(3) × C(I)(3)) ⋊ C(2v) was introduced.
The rotational spectrum of vinyl acetate, CH3(CO)OCH═CH2, was measured using two molecular beam Fourier transform microwave spectrometers operating in the frequency range from 2 to 40 GHz. Large splittings up to 2 GHz occurred due to the internal rotation of the acetyl methyl group CH3CO with a V3 potential of 151.492(34) cm(-1), much larger than the barrier of approximately 100 cm(-1) often found in acetates. The torsional transitions were fitted using three different programs XIAM, ERHAM, and BELGI-Cs, whereby the rotational constants, centrifugal distortion constants, and the internal rotation parameters could be determined with very high accuracy. The experimental results were supported by quantum chemical calculations. For a conformational analysis, potential energy surfaces were calculated.
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