As we know, vascular plants (Tracheophyta) in general and crop plants require a defined amount of trace elements to ensure normal growth and development. In many developed countries, some natural materials have been used as an addition for growing ornamental plants, vegetables, and hydroculture plants. In Vietnam, natural minerals to support plant growth is still very limited. Meanwhile, the source of raw materials in the territory of Vietnam is quite popular, so the research and experiments using Vietnamese volcanic ash and felsic volcanic rocks as improving materials for plant growing is important and very necessary work. Analytical methods such as Ronghen Fluorescence (XRF), Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and calcination at 6500C, 7500C, and 9000C have been used to determine the composition of felsic tuff samples belonging to the Don Duong Formation (PY19) and mafic ash samples of the Dai Nga Formation (KR2/2). In addition, control sample matching method was also used in the research process to evaluate the growth plants. The experiment materials (raw samples and calcined samples at 9000C) were mixed with the soil for planting (in different proportions); two types of plants, named Caviar Cockatio (Chicken Crest Vegetables) and Amaranth Asiatica (Purple Amaranth), were selected for experimenting. In general, both Caviar Cockatio and Amaranth Asiatica developed quicker when grew on a ground of soil mixed with the experiment material. The plant’s growth rate depends on the type of material (unbaked, calcined), support material content, plant type and stage of growth. Primary research results show that volcanic materials in Vietnam can support the growth of plants.
The green vegetable belt for Hanoi city extended in Thanh Tri, Gia Lam, Dong Anh and Me Linh districts, is providing daily thousands of tons of green vegetables for the city. Previously there were some studies on the distribution of heavy metals in the suburbs of Hanoi, including in the Dong Anh area, but the results were limited. Thus the study of material composition and heavy metal distribution in vegetable lands in the Van Noi - Tien Duong area (Dong Anh) (one of the critical vegetable growing areas in the suburbs of Hanoi) and Dai Thinh area (Me Linh) has been selected to contribute to the scientific basis for the production of safe vegetables for the study area. The authors used traditional research methods (Field trip investigation) and modern methods (X-Ray, ICP-EOS and AAS) to show that the soil developed in these areas is rich in quartz. The soil, therefore, has relatively good ventilation and drainage but still ensures the necessary moisture for plants, suitable for the cultivation of short-term vegetables. At the time of the study, vegetable cultivation land in Tien Duong - Dong Anh and Dai Thinh - Me Linh has generally not been polluted by most the heavy metals, excepting the signs of Pb, Cu pollution at a deficient level in some sites. In addition, vegetable cultivation land in Van Noi - Dong Anh has been polluted with typical heavy metals, such as arsenic (As) and lead (Pb). Measures are needed to minimize and progressively eliminate pollution to ensure safe vegetable production.
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