The ever-increasing number of man-made space debris creates the need for new technologies to mitigate it. Therefore, within the ESA-funded project BIOINSPACED, biologically inspired solutions for active debris removal were investigated, conceptualized and integrated to innovative and comprehensive scenarios. In the following, the collection process of existing and new biomimetic concepts as well as the evaluation of ten concepts based on a feasibility analysis will be presented. Out of the ten, the three most promising scenarios, were chosen for further investigation and further elaborated in detail specifying the biological models incorporated as well as how the scenario could be implemented in a simple demonstrator. The first scenario (A) is a gecko kit canon and describes a system that fires deorbiting kits towards the target from a safe distance. The second scenario (B) involves a robotic arm with a gecko-adhesive end-effector and a bee-inspired harpoon to achieve a preliminary and subsequent rigid connection to the target. The last scenario (C) is mimicking a Venus Flytrap and its bi-stale mechanism to capture its prey. One of these scenarios will be manufactured and built into a demonstrator to showcase biology’s potential for the development, optimization and improvement of technologies, especially within the space industry.
Decreasing motivation in science classes is often reported in many countries. Georgia, one of the post Soviet countries, has overcome the highly centralised educational system and nowadays implements a new national educational reform. National reforms demand more student-active and inquiry-based learning. Many Georgian teachers aren’t ready for these changes and need professional development training to enhance their professional skills in Inquiry-Based Science Education (IBSE). Therefore Ilia State University offers special continuous professional development (CPD) programs for science teachers in the frame of PROFILES project. The aim of the research was to determine what profession oriented attitudes and concerns Georgian in-service science teachers have regarding IBSE and what changes are visible after the implementation of PROFILES-based CPD programme. In order to conduct the research, the Stages of Concern model was used. 40 teachers took part in the two terms of the CPD programme. Research shows that the implemented CPD programme fosters the professional attitudes and concerns of Georgian science teachers in a positive manner. Therefore, it can be highly recommended to use the framework of the PROFILES-based CPD programme(s). Key words: IBSE, in-service teachers in Georgia, professional development, stages of concern.
Die obligatorische ärztliche Leichenschau ist auf Länderebene durch Gesetz und Verordnung geregelt. Der Gesetzgeber verfolgt dabei mehrere Ziele: Neben der Verhütung irrtümlicher Todesfeststellungen (über Scheintodesfälle wird in Abständen immer wieder einmal in der Presse berichtet) dient die Leichenschau gesundheitspolitischen und epidemiologischen Zwecken (Medizinalstatistik, Seuchenbekämp-fung), ferner der Aufdeckung strafbarer Handlungen und weiteren Rechtsinteressen der Allgemeinheit. Formen der Leichenschau und LeichenschauscheinWährend in Wien unter dem Einfluss van Swietens bereits 1754 eine allgemeine Totenschau durch Wundärzte verordnet wurde, setzten in Preußen entsprechende Bestrebungen erst sehr viel später ein. Nach der Bildung der Gemeinde Groß-Berlin im Jahre 1920 wurden die Vorschriften der ärztlichen Leichenschau durch Polizeiverordnung vom 12. Juli 1921 auf das gesamte Gebiet ausgedehnt.Die Laien-Leichenschau ist durch die ᭤ ärztliche Leichenschau ersetzt worden. Hierbei wird in den einzelnen Bundesländern die Frage unterschiedlich beantwortet, ob auch ein Arzt im Praktikum (AiP) eigenverantwortlich eine Leichenschau durchführen darf. Er hätte dann auch den Leichenschauschein auszustellen und mit seiner Unterschrift zu versehen. Jedem Arzt/jeder Ärztin kann nur empfohlen werden sich mit den Gesetzes-bzw. Verordnungstexten des Bundeslandes, in dem die ärztliche Tätigkeit ausgeübt wird, vertraut zu machen. Eine bundeseinheitliche Regelung ist derzeit trotz vielfältiger Vorstöße und Bemühungen nicht in Sicht.Neben der obligatorischen ärztlichen Leichenschau gibt es noch die Leichenschau vor der Feuerbestattung, die Leichenschau nach § 87 StPO und die Leichenschau nach dem Infektionsschutzgesetz (IfSG).Im Rahmen der Leichenschau hat sich der Arzt zu 4 Fragen im ᭤ Leichenschauschein zu äußern:∑ Handelt es sich um eine Leiche? ∑ Wann ist der Tod eingetreten? ∑ Welches war die Todesart? ∑ Welches war die Todesursache?In einigen Bundesländern besteht die Möglichkeit, dass vom Notarzt eine vorläufige Todesbescheinigung ausgestellt wird und dass dann die eigentliche Leichenschau von
Vessel groundings pose a major risk for maritime safety, constituting 20 percent of all incidents in the last decade. Frequent dredging and bottom mapping are resource intensive solutions currently employed, but these services cannot be maintained with the necessary frequency in all critical areas. While ships are carrying echo sounders to acquire precise and current under keel clearance data, it does not allow the vessel to react to possible deviations from the map data. Within the RoboVaaS project, a service is designed, implemented and tested in simulation. This service consists of one or more small MASS travelling ahead of a merchant vessel, collecting bathymetric data with enough lead time for the merchant vessel to react to possible threats, e.g. by course correction. This service is tested in compliance with the IMO HCD guideline in a quick approach and safe environment using a ship handling simulator. The simulator is augmented by a display system based on an ECDIS map and displaying the bathymetric data in three different scenarios. These scenarios are tested with nautical officers to collect feedback for service design and implementation with trained personnel and show the effectiveness of the chosen human machine interface.
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