Treatment with saquinavir, zalcitabine, and zidovudine was well tolerated. This drug combination reduced HIV-1 replication, increased CD4+ cell counts, and decreased levels of activation markers in serum more than did treatment with zidovudine and either saquinavir or zalcitabine. Studies are warranted to evaluate whether the three-drug combination will reduce morbidity and mortality.
Ten monoclones directed to the 42,000-dalton inner structural protein of rotavirus were analyzed. Eight monoclones reacted broadly with antigenic domains common to virtually all mammalian rotaviruses. Two monoclones had specificities similar or identical to previously characterized subgroup specificities. These subgroup monoclones were more efficient in detecting subgroup antigen than either hyperimmune or postinfection antisera. Using the subgroup monoclones, we determined that some animal as well as human rotavirus strains carry subgroup 2 specificity and that epizootic diarrhea of infant mice virus and turkey rotavirus are antigenically distinct from other mammalian rotavirus strains.
A series of monoclonal antibodies was isolated which reacted with one of two major surface proteins of rhesus rotavirus. Thirty-six monoclonal antibodies immunoprecipitated the 82-kilodalton outer capsid protein, the product of the fourth gene, the viral hemagglutinin. These monoclonal antibodies exhibited hemagglutination inhibition activity and neutralized rhesus rotavirus to moderate or high titer. Three monoclonal antibodies immunoprecipitated the 38-kilodalton outer capsid glycoprotein, the eighth or ninth gene product. These three monoclonal antibodies neutralized rhesus rotavirus to high titer and also inhibited viral hemagglutination.
To determine the relation between the presence of donor DNA polymerase and e antigen, and recipient hepatitis, we tested, under code, serums from a controlled trial of hepatitis B immune globulin used to treat individuals accidentally inoculated with HBs Ag-positive blood. All recipients lacked antibody to HBs Ag. In 29 of 31 donors, both polymerase and e were in perfect agreement; both demonstrated a highly significant correlation with recipient hepatitis (P less than 0.001). DNA polymerase/e-negative blood did not cause hepatitis. Blood containing polymerase or e antigen did not cause hepatitis in six of 31 and four of 18 recipients, respectively. Hepatitis did not correlate with transaminase or duration of antigenemia in the donor. Polymerase and e appear to be indicators of the relative infectivity of HBs Ag-positive serum, particularly after small-volume exposure. They may be important determinants in assessing infectivity of chronic carriers of HBs Ag and in evaluating efficacy of hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccines.
Fluconazole taken by mouth is superior to weekly intravenous therapy with amphotericin B to prevent relapse in patients with AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis after primary treatment with amphotericin B.
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