Abstract-Component and Connector (C&C) view specifications, with corresponding verification and synthesis techniques, have been recently suggested as a means for formal yet intuitive structural specification of C&C models. In this paper we report on our recent experience in applying C&C views in industrial practice, where we aimed to answer questions such as: could C&C views be practically used in industry, what are challenges of systems engineers that the use of C&C views could address, and what are some of the technical obstacles in bringing C&C views to the hands of systems engineers. We describe our experience in detail and discuss a list of lessons we have learned, including, e.g., a missing abstraction concept in C&C models and C&C views that we have identified and added to the views language and tool, that engineers can create graphical C&C views quite easily, and how verification algorithms scale on real-size industry models. Furthermore, we report on the non-negligible technical effort needed to translate Simulink block diagrams to C&C models. We make all materials mentioned and used in our experience electronically available for inspection and further research.
Systems engineering, in particular in the automotive domain, needs to cope with the massively increasing numbers of requirements that arise during the development process. To guarantee a high product quality and make sure that functional safety standards such as ISO26262 are fulfilled, the exploitation of potentials of model-driven systems engineering in the form of automatic analyses, consistency checks, and tracing mechanisms is indispensable. However, the language in which requirements are written, and the tools needed to operate on them, are highly individual and require domainspecific tailoring. This hinders automated processing of requirements as well as the linking of requirements to models. Introducing formal requirement notations in existing projects leads to the challenge of translating masses of requirements and process changes on the one hand and to the necessity of the corresponding training for the requirements engineers.In this paper, based on the analysis of an open-source set of automotive requirements, we derive domain-specific language constructs helping us to avoid ambiguities in requirements and increase the level of formality. The main contribution is the adoption and evaluation of few-shot learning with large pretrained language models for the automated translation of informal requirements to structured languages such as a requirement DSL. We show that support sets of less than ten translation examples can suffice to few-shot train a language model to incorporate keywords and implement syntactic rules into informal natural language requirements.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.