BACKGROUNDDiabetes mellitus over a period produces autonomic dysfunction. It is usually associated with poor prognosis. Reaction time is a simple noninvasive test for peripheral as well as central nervous system. Neurological deficit in patients with diabetes mellitus can be diagnosed by measurement of reaction time before it is clinically evident. Few studies have been done on the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on reaction time. Thus, this study was undertaken to determine the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on auditory and visual reaction time. MATERIALS AND METHODS25 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 25 healthy, age-matched control group were enrolled based on detailed questionnaire and informed consent was taken from all the subjects. The mean age of type 2 diabetic subjects was 48.8 years and that of control was 48 years. The subjects with type 2 diabetes were on oral medication and of more than 5 years duration. Subjects with history of alcoholism, smoking, history of hypertension, subjects on insulin, complicated cases of diabetes, subjects with visual and auditory disturbances, history of any recent illness, history of peripheral neuropathy, history of muscle weakness, severe anaemia, history of psychological disorders & neurovascular complications are excluded from the study.PC1000Hz reaction timer was used to measure auditory and visual reaction time. RESULTSAuditory and visual reaction times of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were significantly higher as compared to those of nondiabetic control group. The p value for visual reaction time was 0.001 and that for auditory reaction time was 0.003. CONCLUSIONReaction time measurement can be used for early diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus before it is clinically manifested. Hence it can be considered as a simple non-invasive method for the early diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes patients.Financial or Other, Competing Interest: None.
BACKGROUND The cells of the haematopoietic system are highly radiosensitive and the medical radiographers who are exposed to chronic ionizing radiation are more prone to get haematological disorders later in life. A change in haematological profile is a warning sign for development of haematological diseases later. Even though the effect of acute radiation is well known, the effect of chronic low dose radiation on haematopoietic tissue is less known. Hence this study was undertaken to find out the effect of chronic low dose radiation among radiographers, to initiate awareness among them about the radiation effects and the importance of regular screening to prevent the ill effects of radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted on 20 healthy radiographers and 20 healthy, age and sex matched control group. The subjects were enrolled based on detailed questionnaire and informed consent was taken from all the subjects. The mean age of radiographers was 37.4 years and that of control was 39.4 years. The radiographers were exposed to low dose radiation for more than 5 years and the radiation dose of radiographers who participated in the study were in the range of Annual Average Effective Dose (AAED) of 0.29-1.91 mSv. Subjects with anaemia, cardiopulmonary diseases, acute and chronic infections, history of diabetes mellitus, auto immune disease, malignancy, and history of smoking and drug addiction were excluded from the study. Control subjects who were exposed to medical or diagnostic radiation recently were also excluded from the study. The blood cell count was performed on Beckman coulter counter. The haematological parameters measured were RBC count,
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