This study presents some critical reflections "about epistemological constructs in science", on the basis of concepts and preoccupations that are inherent to the scientific and technological advances that influence the construction of knowledge. In accordance with the methodological approach, nursing is seen as "a science under construction". The discussion and arguments focus on distinct aspects/traces of science, which define the nature and objectives of research and which broaden the view of objective knowledge and reality for the field of nursing. In coherence with philosophical and academic reference bases, the author uses the focus of discourse to emphasize/highlight the meaning of constructs as being consistent with the elaboration of significant theories or issues in a field of study and explains her intellectual position in relation to some nursing theses (Ph.D.), in an attempt to explain epistemological aspects of the construction of nursing science.
Sobre Enfermagem - projeto epistêmico/conjunto teórico-axiomático - no Sistema Nightingale de ensino/prática assistencial à saúde e cuidados/enfermos e sadios. Ações/enfermeiras (os) caracterizadas na ética, instruções técnicas, saber moderno rompendo com saber/pré-científico. Enfermagem - disciplina/prática científica - ordenada em esquemas formais/conteúdos materiais aliada ao estilo do cuidado de enfermagem. Abordagem crítico-discursiva-reflexões - cuidado de enfermagem e formação dos sujeitos do conhecimento/área-da-enfermagem. Do ângulo filosófico, a enfermagem como ciência-em-construção. Cuidado de enfermagem como conceito/atos/operações/enfermeiras(os), interpretado/inerência epistemológica de idéias - Sistema Nightingale designado solo epistemológico -, concebido/analisado/estrutura/fundo-de-saber e princípios nightingaleanos. Posição/autora contrária ao conceito de cuidado sem predicação/objetividade nas ações profissionais/operações da equipe. Posição coerente à formação do espírito crítico/conhecimento/área-da-enfermagem, contrária à idéia/construção-sujeitos . Sujeitos concebidos - parceiros numa prática viva com liberdade de pensar/ser - nas decisões em situações-problema, assistidas ou investigadas - plano/estudo/trabalho/pesquisa - abarcando interesses/necessidades dos clientes. Destaques epistemológicos/interpretados - consistentes aos conceitos/enfermagem e idéias/autores/referenciados, e coerência ao saber/conhecimento da Enfermagem-ciência e arte.
This paper is a contribution to the 80th years of the Brazilian Nursing Journal, official journal of the Brazilian Nurses Association, first nominated Nursing Annals and created in May 1932. At that time, the issues were focused as proposals to assure exchange communication between the Professional Class -the National Brazilian Graduate Nurses Association - and the associates, including all the people. In this way, the associate leaders were impelled through professional advances allied to the knowledge production regarding to the Professional Know/Knowledge, the practice assistance and education. The approach is through discussion and analytical appreciation about professional identity with punctual reconsiderations in philosophical vision. Instead of researching parameters the author prefers a pragmatic style around examples of three situations-problem as succeeded in the practical assistance, so that they could be critically appreciated alike fundamental basis to the nurses' art and enough to assure the definition of the professional profile in the historical-evolutive trajectory - with beginning in the nightingalean modernity and the proper assumed parsonian concepts - as such they are observed in the Brazilian Nursing literature. Without through off the subject, only the specific questions are submitted. Key words: Nursing; Professional Identity; Nurse Art.
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