Background Cryptosporidiosis is very common in patients with HIV/AIDS and remains a threat to public health. A crosssectional analytical study to determine the prevalence and identify potential risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium infection among HIV/AIDS patients was conducted. Methods In the study of 143 HIV/AIDS adult patients with diarrhea, a total of 23 cases with Cryptosporidium infection and 120 cases with Cryptosporidium negative were reported during the study period.Results Results revealed that the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was 16.1%. In a stratified analysis controlling for gender, factors associated with Cryptosporidium infection were history of diarrhea >21 days, CD þ 4 count ≤50 cells/mm 3 , and WBC count <4,000 cells/mm 3 . Conclusion These findings confirmed that there was a strong association between cryptosporidiosis and CD þ 4 count. Such information may provide possible recommended strategies for preventing cryptosporidiosis in HIV/AIDS persons.