The aim of the article is to determine the readiness level to prevent crime in the field of public procurement by the criminal police units of the National Police of Ukraine. The methodological basis of the study is the Constitution of Ukraine, other domestic legislative and other normative acts which regulate operational-search activities and criminal procedure, general theoretical and special legal literature, which show the topic under study, and encyclopedic sources. The method of analysis, the system-structural method, sociological methods (questioning, interviewing), formal-logical method, comparative method, modeling method are used in article. To achieve the goal of the article in the structure of the criminal police of the National Police of Ukraine were identified unites which carry out operational-search crime prevention in the field of public procurement, analyzed the structure of the units and determined their functions in crime prevention. The results of the study show that the structural and functional support of the operational-search crime prevention in the field of public procurement by the criminal police is not at the proper level.
The problems related to the procedure of detention by an authorized official without the decision of the investigating judge or court, of a person suspected of committing a crime have been studied, namely: the uncertainty about who is authorized to detain persons under Art. 208 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine; lack of understanding or authority of the above-mentioned persons to detained persons before entering information into the Unified Register of Pre-trial Investigations, to execute search warrant of detained person and to carry out temporary seizure of things and documents and whether further evidence obtained during such proceedings will be declared inadmissible; the lack of an effective mechanism for ensuring the rights of detainees, in particular, round-theclock urgent linguistic assistance for persons under criminal prosecution, etc. The purpose of the study is the new scientifically substantiated results of detention by an authorized official without the decision of the investigating judge, of a person suspected of committing a crime, as well as formulating on their basis scientifically based proposals and recommendations for improving criminal procedure law and practices of its application in the aspect of the subject of research. It is concluded that in today’s actuality it is possible to change the practice of detention only by taking comprehensive measures. The first aspect is related to legislative changes. We believe that the law should be clear. Consequently, the CPC of Ukraine must clearly define, first, the procedural status of a detained person, with the provision in a separate rule of his concept, rights and responsibilities; second; the issue of legality of detention before entering information into the Unified Register of Pre-Trial Investigations has been resolved; thirdly, the procedure for searching of a detained person has been regulated. The second aspect is related to the development of bylaws on the algorithm of actions of the authorized official, which would clearly define his powers; the order of interaction between different services and units during the detention of a person. The third aspect is related to the continued implementation of pre-trial investigation and pre-trial detention facilities in all units of the Custody Records system, which allows recording of all actions of a detainee from the moment of his/her actual detention until the issue of choosing a measure of restraint against him/her is resolved, in particular – and during the explanation of the rights of the detainee by the officials responsible for the stay of the detainees. The fourth area is to strengthen the measures of respect of the rights of the detained person and, in particular, the need to develop a procedure for hiring an interpreter through the Centers for Free Secondary Legal Aid and an effective round-the-clock mechanism for providing urgent linguistic assistance to detainees who do not speak the language of criminal justice.
The importance of legal regulation of extradition in the system of legal aid in criminal proceedings is determined both by the national interests of states and the interests of international cooperation in combating transnational and international crimes. The objective of this paper was to get the answer to the main question of this research -Did the provisions of the law on extradition in Ukraine meet international standards? A set of general and special scientific, and philosophical methods of scientific research were used while preparing this article, to clarify the approaches to the extradition procedure of different countries and in practice. The results of the research suggested that the current criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine in the sphere of extradition generally meets European standards. Although, there are some gaps in the national legal regulation of extradition that may adversely affect the observance of the rights and freedoms of persons to whom it is applied.
From the beginning of the armed aggression of the russian federation on the territory of Ukraine, 13 changes and additions have been amended to the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, that were related to the transformation of various institutions of the criminal process, and in particular the institution of detention. The conducted analysis made it possible to understand that the detention of a person by an authorized official without a decision of an investigating judge in conditions of martial law is carried out in accordance with the general procedure specified in Art. 208-213 of the CPC of Ukraine, taking into account the features established by Art. 615 of the CPC of Ukraine. It has been established that the list of grounds for detention under martial law, compared to peacetime, is extended, as the possibility of detaining a person not only on the grounds specified in Art. 208 of the CPC of Ukraine, as well as in cases where there are grounds to believe that a person suspected of committing any type of crime may escape with the aim of evasion of criminal responsibility. It has been proven that the application of these normative sentences is conditioned by the effect of martial law and, accordingly, the moment and circumstances of the crime. This ground, in particular, can be used to justify the detention of a person suspected of collaborative activity, violation of the laws and customs of war, creation of paramilitary or armed groups not provided by law, as well as "non-military crimes", etc. The right to detain a person in the conditions of martial law, as well as in peacetime, is granted to an authorized official, that is, a person who is authorized by law to carry out detention, in particular, employees of the Security Service of Ukraine; military personnel, as well as employees of the State Border Service of Ukraine; servicemen of the National Guard of Ukraine; a policeman; employees of the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine; to authorized officials of the State Bureau of Investigation and others. The need to improve the legislative provisions of the Laws of Ukraine "On the Security Service of Ukraine", "On the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine", "On the State Bureau of Investigation" regarding the clear authorization of the employees of the SSU, NACB, SBI to detain persons suspected of committing crimes was emphasized.
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