This article provides a map of the UBI debate, structured into the main themes that guide and group the arguments on both sides. It finds that UBI’s supporters and opponents both draw on core principles of justice and freedom, focusing on need and poverty, discrimination and inequality, growth, social opportunity, individuality, and self-development. From an economic perspective, they both appeal to business concerns about efficiency, risk, flexibility, and consumption, as well as labour interests on work fulfilment, working conditions, remuneration, and bargaining. Likewise, they focus on political questions around welfare state reforms, redistribution, taxation and funding sources, democratic citizenship, and the prospects for cross-party policy coalitions. By providing an overview of the thematic pillars of the UBI debate, this article helps researchers and activists locate and orient themselves within the wider spectrum of opinion on UBI.
Despite the diversity of socio-political and economic contexts, educational transformations in post-socialist states have some common
trends: orientation towards the ‘West’ and denial of the socialist past;
marketisation of higher education through the introduction and extension of paid services, as well as promotion of competition for public
funding; economisation of higher education via adjustment to the
amount of economic resources and labour market demand. In this article, I analyse how those trends have been reflected in political
practices and public discourses in the case of Ukrainian higher education reforms since the ‘Euromaidan’ events in 2013–2014. The research shows that, in the Ukrainian case, concepts of orientation towards the ‘West’, marketisation and economisation of higher education are the key elements of local opinion makers’ political rhetoric that play
a crucial role in the process of legitimisation of neoliberal reforms in
higher education.
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