Conodonts are biostratigraphically very important microfossils in the Upper Triassic, occurring in different marine habitats, from deep-ocean to shallowshelf waters. Because of their great abundance, worldwide distribution, strong resistance to rock metamorphism, and mineralogical composition that makes them reliable tools for biostratigraphic and geochemical studies, conodonts have proven to be important tools in defining the Geological Time Scale (GTS) and Global Stratotype Section and Points (GSSPs). We present here an original Upper Triassic conodont biozonation for the Tethyan Realm integrated, where possible, with ammonoid and radiolarian zones, providing also numerical ages for stages and substages. Based on the most recent conodont biostratigraphic and systematic studies, we propose a subdivision of the Upper Triassic interval into 22 conodont zones (nine for the Carnian, ten for the Norian, and three for the Rhaetian), correlated, where possible, with the most recent North American conodont zonations. Discussions on the most biostratigraphically important conodont taxa are also provided, in particular for the stratigraphic intervals around the base of the Norian and Rhaetian stages, the GSSPs of which have yet to be defined. In this view, we provide data supporting the validity of conodonts as reliable tools for global correlations, recommending two conodont biovents as possible primary biomarkers: the FAD (First Appearance Datum) of Metapolygnathus parvus for the base of the Norian and the FAD of Misikella posthernsteini for the base of the Rhaetian. The conodont species Norigondolella carlae n. sp. from the upper Tuvalian (Carnian) is also defined.
This study presents the results of the conodont biostratigraphy and microfacies analysis carried out on the pelagic limestones of the Upper Triassic Dovško Section in Slovenia, which represents the eastern part of the Slovenian Basin. The age of the section ranges from the Lacian 1 to the Alaunian 1. The Lacian part of the succession is predominantly characterized by the representatives of the genus Ancyrogondolella. Transitional morphologies towards Alaunian faunas first appear in the Lacian 3 and become common during the Lacian-Alaunian transition. This evolutionary development coincides with a shift in microfacies from a dominantly radiolarian-bearing mudstone-wackestone-packstone to a filament- dominated wackestone-packstone, and the formation of small neptunian dykes, which may reflect environmental perturbations and/or a change in basin geometry. The proliferation of the genera Epigondolella and Mockina is observed in the Alaunian part of the section, though the genus Ancyrogondolella is still present in this interval. Systematic description of the conodont taxa is provided, and seven new species and two new subspecies are established. The new advances will be of great value in further biostratigraphic studies, especially in areas without ammonoid faunas, and in the reconstruction of the paleogeography of the Slovenian Basin.
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