Anal sphincter pressures, rectal compliance and sensation in 19 women of mean age 77 (range 57-94) years were studied before and after Delorme's procedure for full-thickness rectal prolapse. No patient had significant problems with defaecation after operation. There were no significant changes in anal sphincter pressures but the volume of first rectal sensation decreased from a median of 140 ml before surgery to 65 ml after the procedure (P = 0.01) and the maximum tolerated rectal volume declined from a median of 249 ml to 120 ml (P = 0.001). Rectal compliance was reduced from a median of 142.9 ml/kPa to 12.2 ml/kPa (P = 0.002). Improved rectal sensation and lowered compliance are associated with a reduced incidence of defaecatory problems after Delorme's procedure.

The current available evidence is not robust enough to address the questions posed. We have proposed a framework for future studies.

Cocaine is used to produce a euphoric effect by abusers, who may be unaware of the devastating systemic and ocular side effects of this drug. We describe the first known case of cilioretinal artery occlusion after intranasal cocaine abuse.

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most common systemic diseases in India. Intraocular TB is however, rare. Retinal vasculitis is a relatively rare manifestion of intraocular TB. We report a case of bilateral retinal vasculitis in a 19-year-old girl with abdominal tuberculosis. The patient responded well to anti-TB treatment along with a short course of low dose oral steroids. Vision in her right eye however remained compromised due to residual maculopathy. This is the first report of bilateral retinal vasculitis due to colonic TB.

Aim:To determine cosmetic and functional outcome following lateral strip procedure (LSP) for involutional entropion.Materials and Methods:This study was a prospective analysis of 15 patients (20 eyelids) of involutional entropion, who needed surgical repair. After thorough evaluation, the surgical treatment (LSP) was done in all 15 patients.Results:Cosmetic and functional outcome was excellent in all cases following LSP. No complications and recurrence were encountered in any case.Conclusions:LSP is simple, physiologic, easy and quick to perform as OPD procedure for involutional entropion under local anesthesia without hospitalization by a general ophthalmologist.

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Valsalva haemorrhagic retinopathy is an uncommon clinical entity that can severely affect visual acuity. Valsalva haemorrhagic retinopathy is caused by a sudden increase in intrathoracic pressure, which reduces venous return to the heart and increases cephalic venous pressure, and may cause a sudden rise in intraocular venous pressure and spontaneous rupture of the retinal capillaries. This report is of a patient with a large macular pre-retinal haemorrhage that was managed conservatively.

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