This study demonstrates that smoking is rarely cited on death certificates, even in cases where the causal link with smoking is very strong. There are many reasons why smoking is not cited on death certificates. One frequently cited reason is the reluctance of doctors to stigmatise the deceased. Interestingly, such reluctance did not extend to citing alcohol as a COD. By not recording smoking on death certificates doctors are failing to gather important epidemiological and pathological data.
Background: Poor solubility of curcumin results in poor rate of absorption, rapid biotransformation as well as rapid rate of elimination. Due to this curcumin does not show better therapeutic effect through oral administration, to avoid poor rate of absorption, rapid biotransformation and topical drug delivery system plays a vital role. background: Poor solubility of CUR results in poor rate of absorption, rapid biotransformation as well as rapid rate of elimination, due to this cuircumin does not shows better therapeutic effect through oral administration, to avoid poor rate of absorption as well rapid biotransformation topical drug delivery system plays a vital role. Objective: The objective of the present work was the successful implementation of face-centered central composite design (FCCCD) to study various independent variables to develop an optimized formulation. Methods: Carbopol 934 P and menthol were considered as independent variables and their impact was determined on dependent responses like drug content, viscosity, and percent drug release by developing topical gels using 32 central composite design. Thirteen curcumin loaded topical gels were prepared employing 32 CCD. Characterization of these formulations was done by drug content, viscosity, and percent drug release. Result: The effect of independent variable, i.e., the concentration of Carbopol 934P and menthol was determined over the dependent variables by developing a response surface methodology. Optimized batch was investigated employing design expert software by overlay plot developed by statistical software with drug content, viscosity, and percent drug release 99.34%, 82.10 cps, and 65.576% respectively. Optimized data was evaluated by formulating four validation check batches. Promising results were observed by comparing the predicted values with experimental values, which proves the validity of the optimized data. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of face-centered central composite design is a useful statistical tool to get the optimized formulation with the least manpower, material, and money. other: .
Background: Conventional approach of formulating a new dosage form is a comprehensive task and uses various sources like man, money, time and experimental efforts. The use of AI can help to obtain optimized pharmaceutical formulation with desired (best) attributes. AI minimizes the use of resources and increases the understanding of impact, of independent variable over desired dependent responses/variables. Objective: Thus, the aim of present work is to explore the use of Artificial intelligence in designing pharmaceutical products as well as the manufacturing process to get the pharmaceutical product of desired attributes with ease. The review is presenting various aspects of Artificial intelligence like Quality by Design (QbD) & Design of Experiment (DoE) to confirm the quality profile of drug product, reduce interactions among the input variables for the optimization, modelization and various simulation tools used in pharmaceutical manufacturing (scale up and production). Conclusion: Hence, the use of QbD approach in Artificial intelligence is not only useful in understanding the products or process but also helps in building an excellent and economical pharmaceutical product.
Yeni bir doğum sisteminin geliştirilmesine yönelik geleneksel yaklaşım, kapsamlı bir görevdir ve insan, para, malzeme ve zaman gibi birtakım kaynakları gerektirir. Bu sorunun üstesinden gelmek için Tasarım Üzerinde Kalite (QbD), istenen (en iyi) kalitenin farmasötik ürününün, yukarıda belirtilen kaynakların asgari kullanımı ile istenilen ilgili süreç üzerinde bir faktörün etkisinin belirlenmesi için kullanılmasını sağlar. Bu araştırma, QbD'yi kullanarak optimize edilmiş jelatin mikroküreleri formüle etmek için bir tasarım oluşturulmasına odaklanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Yeniden basılabilir serbestleştirilmiş L-argininin mikro-küreleri, glutaraldehit kullanılarak jelatinin çapraz bağlanmasıyla hazırlandı. Formüle edilmiş mikrosferlerin karakterize edilmesi kızıl ötesi spektroskopi, taramalı elektron mikroskobu, yüzde verimi, mikroskop boyutu, ilaç tutma verimi ve ilaç salınımı ile yapıldı. Jelatin ve etil selüloz konsantrasyonunun etkisi, yüzde verimi, mikro küre boyutu ve ilaç tutma verimi gibi bağımlı tepki üzerinde belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Yanıt merkezi eğrisi 3 2 merkezi kompozit dizayn kullanılarak elde edildi ve sırasıyla yüzde verim, mikro küre boyutu ve ilaç tutma verimi 89.98, 333.32 mm ve %82.61 olarak optimize edilmiş toplu elde edildi. Optimize edilmiş partinin geçerliliği, bağımsız yanıtın optimize edilmiş değerleri ile dört farklı parti formüle edildi ve gözlemlenen yanıtların öngörülen değerlerle karşılaştırılması ve tüm bu partilerin öngörülen değerlerin yakınında bulunduğu ve düzgünleştirilmiş verilerin geçerliliğini gösterdiği bulundu. Sonuç: QbD yaklaşımı, aşırı etkili çalışma yapmadan L-argininin optimize edilmiş ilaç verme sistemlerini elde etmek için oldukça etkilidir.
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