There was a significant association between anthropometric measures and caries status in 15-19 years age group while no association was found in 12-14 years age group. Obesity and dental caries have common risk determinants and require a comprehensive multi-disciplinary approach by health care professionals.
Background:Symptomatic Intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) is a serious complication of recombinant tissue-plasminogen activator (rt-PA) therapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Objective:To estimate the prevalence and predictors of sICH in patients after receiving IV rt-PA for AIS.Material and Methods:Consecutive patients of AIS thrombolysed between January 2010 and June 2016 in a University hospital in Hyderabad (India) were studied prospectively for sICH and it's various variables compared with the control group without sICH to determine any sigificantant difference.Results:Out of 113 patients , sICH was detected in 12 (10.61%) whose mean age(58±12.0 years) and gender ratio ( 2:1 ) was not statistically significant from controls. In s ICH group mean NIHSS score was 16.53± 5.81 vs 10.19± 5.06 in controls (p<0.001), gap between stroke onset and thrombolysis was 227.50±46.15 min vs 178.50± 69.20 min in controls(p=0.018). At presentation mean blood sugar was 208.75±90.97 mg/dl in sICH group vs 146.83±70.21 mg/dl in controls (p=0.002). Prior diabetes was in 7(53.30%) vs 23 (22.8%) in controls (p= 0.014)and hypertension in 11 (91.7%) vs (56(55.4%) in controls (p= 0.026) The mortality in sICH was 7 (58.30%)vs 4 (4.94%) in controls (p<.0.001). At 3 months mean mRS ofsICH patients was 5.57± 0.54 vs 2.17± 1.69 in controls (p<.05).Conclusion:High NIHSS score, increased stroke onset to thrombolysis time , high blood sugar at presentation ,prior diabetes and hypertension increase the chances of sICH. None of these contraindicate thrombolysing strokes but should caution the physician.
A 58-year-old male patient presented our emergency department with symptoms of fever and cough of one-week duration. CT scan images of the patient's chest were suggestive of "Coronavirus disease 2019 Reporting and Data System" score of 5, CT severity score of 16 out of 25, and an oxygen saturation of 95% with a positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test for SARS-CoV-2. The patient was administered medications Remdesivir and Methylprednisolone as per the guidelines. He developed altered sensorium during his stay in the hospital and was electively intubated. MRI of the Brain (Plain and Contrast) showed bilateral cerebellar, parietooccipital hyperintensities on T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery mode. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed five cells (100% lymphocytes), normal protein and glucose. The patient was non-responsive to the standard COVID management guidelines. In suspicion of viral encephalitis/acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) were administered for five days. A steady improvement was observed in the patient's sensorium over a period of seven days following IVIG therapy, and the patient was able to walk with support following infusion. This case report suggests the possibility of an immune-mediated encephalitis with COVID-19 and the beneficial role of IVIG in treating the same.
Objective:To evaluate the relationship between anthropometric measures and dental caries among National Cadets Corps of Udupi district, India.Materials and Methods:Demographic information like age, sex, and parental education were collected. Various anthropometric measures like weight, height, mid-upper arm circumference, waist circumference and hip circumference, and dental caries were recorded as per standard guidelines.Results:A total of 211 cadets with age range of 12-19 years constituted the final sample. Caries experience was significantly different with respect to age and gender (P = 0.049 and 0.05, respectively). Multivariate analysis was performed using Poisson regression with DMFT as dependent variable. Height, weight, BMI, and WC showed significant association with dental caries status (OR = 10.61, 1.03, 1.09, and 1.02, respectively). Stratified analysis showed no association with anthropometric measures (Height, weight, BMI, and WC) and dental caries in 12-14 years. Among 15-19 years age group, there was a significant association between anthropometric measures (Height, weight, and BMI) and dental caries.Conclusion:There was a significant association between anthropometric measures and caries status in 15-19 years age group while no association was found in 12-14 years age group.
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