COVID-19 has affected the reproductive health of women worldwide. Such effects were mainly on the reduction in child-birth, postponement of fertility plans and loss of lives of mothers and children as well as still births. The paper attempts to examine the factors associated with the impact of the pandemic on fertility intentions of women who are preparing to have a child even if they already had one or more children. Patient exit survey during 9 June 2022 to 8 July 2022 was conducted at selected hospitals among women who have visited an Obstetric and Gynaecological specialist at the Out Patient Department for consultation. Among 138 participant women who provided with oral informed consent to participate, 34 were infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2). The number of living children, gender of the children and the educational attainment of the mothers have been found to be significantly associated with change in fertility intention of women. A qualitative study is necessary to ascertain on why the number and gender of children is central to changes in fertility intentions at the times of the pandemic as such.
This paper explores the paradigm shift in social science research from positivism to the contemporary approach of indigenous research paradigms. The paper is based on relevant literature on paradigm shift reviewed. It begins with a discussion of Kuhn’s notion of paradigm and paradigm shift from its historical perspectives towards the contemporary advancements of alternate paradigms such as interpretivism, criticalism, post modernism and indigenous research paradigm. Every paradigm follows certain stages from normal science, crisis and revolution or a shift into a new paradigm. The contemporary literature on social science research reveals how decolonization through indigenous research paradigms. The paper then delves into the concept of decolonization and the emergence of indigenous research paradigms. The paper also examines the implications and challenges of indigenous research paradigms, including issues of decolonization among the indigenous communities of the global south. The paper concludes by emphasising the significance of decolonizing research methodologies and identifying the perspectives of marginalized communities. The existing positivist paradigm has been challenged by the critical, interpretive, and post-modern paradigms for a better understanding of social phenomena. Although there has been a positive development in the paradigm shift in social science research, challenges such as the problem of representation and the critique of power and knowledge still exist to be addressed.
The article attempts to investigate the problems, challenges and prospects of administrative system of Prithvi Narayan Campus (PNC) that has been functioning under Tribhuvan University. The qualitative data are obtained from the respondents mainly through the focus group discussion and in-depth interviews. Quantitative data were received from the campus administration. The study unveiled that the mismanagement of human resource, duplication of work, and insufficient coordination among departments and between the campus administration and the central office of Tribhuvan University as a major problem. Likewise, as in other sectors of public service delivery, the administrative system is incapable of maintaining good governance, integrity and transparency. In order to maintain quality administration, the concerned authority needs to strengthen the administrative capability of the campus, recruit quality human resource, adopt e-governance and maintain quality information system.
This paper discusses the contribution and effectiveness of old age allowance among the elderly people and also comes up with the factors associated with the satisfaction level of old age allowance. A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out among 136 elderly people receiving old age allowance in Kushma Municipality, Parbat. The information was collected from people aged 60 years and above through interviews using semi-structured questionnaires. The blend of qualitative and quantitative data was employed for the study. The majority of the elderly population was in the age group of 70-75 years with 68 percent elderly people illiterate. The result shows a significant association of the level of satisfaction of the allowances received with the physical infrastructure and socio-economic development regardless of age, gender and caste/ethnicity. This gives an impetus for making policies and programmes for the elderly in order for them to live with happiness and satisfaction.
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