Introduction: Dengue virus being most significant among vector borne diseases is leading to increased morbidity and mortality in India. Global prevalence of dengue has been increasing over the last decade. So, it is important to screen all dengue fever like cases. Objective: The study was conducted to know seroprevalence of Dengue virus by detecting NS1, IgM in clinically suspected dengue fever cases. Material and Method: Test was done in 315 blood samples of clinically suspected dengue fever cases, in various departments of RIMS, Ranchi. The study was done from November 2016 to August 2017. NS1 antigen and IgM antibody detection both were done by ELISA (NS1 by Qualisa Microwell Enzyme Immunoassay and IgM by NIV Dengue IgM Captured ELISA KIT). Result and Discussion: Out of 315 blood samples, 84 samples (26.7%) were serologically positive for dengue infection. Among the positive cases 72.6% were males and 27.4% were females. Males are more affected than females, because males are more exposed during their outdoor visit for livelihood. Age group between 21-30 years were most affected. Most of the cases were reported in monsoon and post- monsoon season. Conclusion: This study highlights the need of continuous surveillance by both NS1 antigen and IgM antibody by ELISA method for early detection of impending outbreak to initiate timely prevention and control measures. Keywords: Dengue, NS1, IgM.
Lymphatic filariasis is a mosquito born disease infecting over 120 million people globally. This is a community based cross-sectional study done to assess the prevalence of disease in Dumka District of Jharkhand. Three years data (2018-2020) were used to know the disease spectrum in this region. The disease mostly presented itself in its chronic forms. Prevalence of the disease has decreased in three years duration. Lymphedema cases were predominant as it was seen in both male and female. The study showed Lymphedema cases as 52% in 2018, 88% in 2019 and 98% in 2020. Overall disease is significantly higher in males than in female. But, Elephantiasis is more frequent in females. Present study reveals that there is remarkable impact of ELF program showing significant reduction in number of cases in three years duration. But the study indicates that the disease still continues to be the major cause of disability and poverty. Keywords: Lymphatic filariasis, Mass drug administration, Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis.
The study is aimed to assess the effect of COVID-19 pandemic and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) like banning mass gatherings (Lockdown) etc on vector borne diseases. This study can throw some light on the epidemiology of all vector-borne diseases under surveillance during this COVID-19 pandemic. This study is done in Dumka district, Jharkhand. Method- A cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 Blocks of Dumka District. Sampling technique used in this study was convenience sampling. Study of six month was conducted for vector-borne diseases from January 2021– June 2021.To know the epidemiology of vector-borne disease before and after COVID-19 pandemic, data from the year 2019 and 2020 was used for data analysis. Result – During the six months study period between January 2021-June 2021, maximum number of cases found in Dumka District was Kala-azar followed by Lymphatic Filariasis and then Malaria. There was sharp decrease in number of vector-borne disease cases. After data analysis between the year 2019 and 2020 reduction of cases was seen in Kala-azar (15.3%), Lymphatic Filariasis (8.9%) and maximum reduction of cases was seen Malaria (98.1%). Conclusion – A drastic reduction in reported cases of vector-borne diseases was noticed. To better understand the reason behind the changes in vector-borne disease prevalence a consistent and vigilant surveillance is required. Keywords: COVID-19, Vector-borne diseases, non-pharmaceutical interventions.
Kala-azar is a vector-borne disease and a serious public health problem in India. Highly affected states in India are Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh. In 2010, 14.87% cases were contributed from Jharkhand. The study was done to know the trend of disease in five year duration (2016-2020) in Dumka District, Jharkhand. Method – This was a cross-sectional study. It was executed in 10 Blocks of District Dumka Jharkhand. Convenience sampling technique was used in this study. Data analysis was done from the line-list of District Vector Borne Disease Control Office, Dumka. Result – During the 5 year study period there was annual reduction in the trend of visceral leishmaniasis. Male cases were more predominant. Age group >21 years were maximum affected. VL had affected all the 10 Blocks. PKDL cases were seen maximum in Blocks like Ramgarh, Dumka Sada, Kathikund and Gopikander. Conclusion- Annual reduction of incidence of Kala-azar reveals that the current Kala-azar elimination strategy is highly effective and elimination of disease from endemic blocks is possible. Further improvement in treatment, elimination strategies and accessibility of primary health care services in endemic rural areas can gear up to get over last-mile obstacles. Keywords: Visceral Leishmaniasis, Indoor Residual Spraying, Post Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis, Kala-azar.
Malaria is a major public health problem in India particularly in states having tribal population. Jharkhand state consisted 7% of total malaria cases in India. The objective of this analysis was to find out the burden of malaria in Dumka District, Jharkhand. Method –It was conducted in 10 Blocks of District Dumka, Jharkhand. Convenience sampling technique was used in this study. Data analysis was done from the line-list of District Vector Borne Disease Control Office, Dumka from the year 2016-2020. This was a cross-sectional study. Result – Gradual decline in number of malaria cases was observed during the study period. But a sharp decline in cases were seen in the year 2020 i.e. during Covid-19 pandemic. Male cases were more predominant. Majority of the affected population were tribal in origin. Maximum number of Malaria cases were observed in Blocks like Masalia, Gopikandar and Kathikund. Conclusion- Our analysis showed annual reduction of Malaria cases. Thus existing control programmes can further reduce Malaria burden in Dumka District. Consistent and vigilant surveillance is required. Keywords: Malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, tribal malaria, Jharkhand, India.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.