Applications of biological agents intensify the growth of crops, so they more quickly form a maximum leaf area, optimize photosynthesis, increase plant productivity and quality. Chemical producers offer a new generation of bio-organic fertilizers based on nano technologies. Such fertilizers have not been well investigated yet; therefore, the aim of this study was to ascertain the influence of the fertilization rates by bio-organic nano fertilizer, made from cattle manure on the effectiveness of sugar beet crop photosynthesis and productivity parameters. The investigations were carried out in 2011-2012 at Aleksandras Stulginskis University's Research Station, Kaunas district, Lithuania (54º52′ N, 23º49′ E) on a silty loam Luvisol (Calcari-Epihypogleyic Luvisol, LVg-p-w-cc). Sugar beet plants were sprayed with the fertilizer at doses of 0.5 or 1.0 L ha -1 at the BBCH 18 and/or BBCH 31 stages. Single application of the bio-organic fertilizer at single 1 L ha -1 dose was more effective than at single 0.5 L ha -1 or double 0.5 + 0.5 L ha -1 doses. At the beginning of intensive sugar beet development (BBCH 37-38), single 1 L hadose increased the number of leaves by 19.6%, leaf area by 13.4%, root diameter by 11.1%, canopy dry biomass by 29.1%, root biomass by 42.6%, net photosynthetic productivity by 15.8%, root yield by 12.6%, sucrose content by 1.03 percentage points and yield of white sugar by 19.2% in comparison with the untreated beets. Double 1 + 1 L ha -1 dose of fertilizer was slightly more effective but economically less suitable than single (1 L ha -1 ). In general, the application of bio-organic fertilizer revealed a great potential for optimization of sugar beet development, productivity and quality parameters.
The aim was to determine the impact of Raskila bio-organic preparation on the productivity of winter rape ‘Sunday’ grown under conventional system, in order to activate and save the use of treatment Rovral aqua flo and to improve the wintering of plants. The scientific article presents the data of the conventional winter rape ‘Sunday’ growth intensity, plant formation, accumulation of dry matter, seed quality parameters, fertility data and the influence of the use of bioorganic fertilizers e. winter rape 'Sunday' seeds were coated with bioorganic preparations and synthetic treatments, and additionally sprayed with a bioorganic fertilizer solution. Agrotechnics was carried out according to the technology of winter rape growing at Aleksandras Stulginskis University Experimental station. Additional treatment of winter rape seeds and additional spraying with bioorganic fertilizers had a positive influence on the processes of growth and development of winter rape. By combining seed treatments and treatment with bio-organic Raskila fertilizers (3 l for 100 kg) and spray in autumn (3 l ha-1 ), the best results are achieved: the maximum rape seed yield was 3.87 t ha-1 and the best quality production. Bioorganic fertilizers and treatment Rovral aqua flo has significantly increased the following indicators of winter rape ‘Sunday’: the length of the plant (118.16-127.64 cm), the number of branches (6-10), seeds in the silique (28.27), the seed yield (3.16-3.87 t ha-1). The highest seed yield (3.87 l ha-1) was achieved, applying Nagro preparations in the autumn and the Rovral aqua flo treatment and spraying Raskila plants when the rape reaches a height of 5-7 cm (BBCH 10-19). Premium yield was 86.6 % compared to control. Raskila fertilizers and treatment Rovral aqua flo significantly increased the following parameters of winter rape seeds: content of fat (41.52-43.05 %), proteins (20.39-20.91%), glucosinolates decreased from 18.68 to 18.31 m mol g-1. This has improved seed quality. Treatment with Raskila and treatment Rovral aqua flo decreased seeds and seedlings infestation and morbidity due to Fusarium, Drechlera, Alternaria, Penicillium. Rates of treatment can be reduced if combined with bioorganic fertilizers. Application of bioorganic fertilizers and treatment in combination increases the effectiveness of treatment. Bio-organic fertilizer reduces plant stress caused by synthetic treatment.
Sparčiai vystantis žemės ūkiui, taikant intensyvias lauko augalų auginimo technologijas, gausiai tręšiant ir naudojant daug augalų apsaugos priemonių, neišvengia-mai blogėja dirvožemio būklė. Tai tampa ribojančiu veiksniu potencialiam augalų derlingumui gauti. Vienas iš būdų dirvožemio aktyvumui ir augalų produktyvumui didinti -biologinių preparatų bei bioorganinių trąšų naudojimas.Tyrimų tikslas -nustatyti tirtųjų biologinių preparatų ir bioorganinių trąšų įtaką cukrinių runkelių produktyvumo pokyčiams augalus apipurškiant skirtingais jų augimo ir vystymosi tarpsniais.Lauko bandymai atlikti Aleksandro Stulginskio universiteto Bandymų stotyje 2011-2013 metais. Tirta papildomo tręšimo per lapus biologinių preparatų Azofit 1 l ha -1 , Nagro 1 l ha -1 , Bioplant Flora 1 l ha -1 ir Raskila 2 l ha -1 tirpalais įtaka 'Ernestina' veislės cukrinių runkelių (Beta vulgaris L., var. saccharifera) produktyvumui. Prieš sėją bandymų laukas patręštas NPK 5:15:30 400 kg ha -1 ir papildomai amonio salietra (N 34 ) 180 kg ha -1 (foninis viso bandymo tręšimas -kontrolė). Cukriniai runkeliai biologinių preparatų tirpalais apipurkšti 16 BBCH, 21 BBCH ir 33 BBCH vieną kartą, du kartus 16+21 BBCH ir tris kartus 16+21+33 BBCH augimo tarpsniais. Kitos agrotechninės priemonės buvo atliktos pagal Bandymų stotyje taikomą cukrinių runkelių auginimo technologiją. Cukrinių runkelių derlius nuimtas spalio 10 dieną. Šakniavaisių cukringumas nustatytas UAB "Arvi cukrus" Marijampolės cukraus fabriko laboratorijoje šaltosios digestijos metodu.Gauti bandymo rezultatai parodė, kad cukrinius runkelius tirtaisiais biologiniais preparatais apipurškus vieną kartą didžiausias šakniavaisių derlius ir geriausia kokybė gauti panaudojus Azofit 1 arba Nagro 1 l ha -1 tirpalus 21 BBCH augimo tarpsniu. Taip apipurškus cukrinių runkelių derlingumas patikimai padidėjo atitinkamai 8,50 ir 9,19 t ha -1 , šakniavaisių cukringumas -0,81 ir 1,03 proc. vnt., baltojo cukraus kiekis gautas 1,52 ir 1,90 t ha -1 patikimai didesnis, palyginti su kontroliniuose laukeliuose augusiais cukriniais runkeliais.Cukrinius runkelius biologinių preparatų ir bioorganinių trąšų Azofit arba Nag ro tirpalais apipurškus du kartus (16+21 BBCH), šakniavaisių derlingumas patikimai padidėjo 9,29 ir 9,56 t ha -1 , cukringumas -0,99 ir 1,14 proc. vnt., baltojo cukraus gauta 1,88 ir 2,03 t ha -1 patikimai daugiau, palyginti su kontrole. Du kartus augalus apipurškus biologinių preparatų Bioplant Flora 1 arba Raslila 2 l ha -1 tirpalais, šakniavaisių derlingumas patikimai padidėjo 7,34 ir 6,42 t ha -1 , cukringumas -0,83 ir 0,62 proc. vnt., baltojo cukraus gauta 1,51 ir 1,24 t ha -1 patikimai daugiau, palyginti su kontrole, kur biologiniai preparatai nebuvo naudoti.Cukrinius runkelius tirtųjų biologinių preparatų tirpalais apipurškus tris kartus (16+21+33 BBCH), produktyvumo pokyčiai nebuvo esminiai didesni, palyginti su gautais rezultatais, augalus biologinių preparatų tirpalais apipurškus du kartus.Raktažodžiai: cukriniai runkeliai, biologiniai preparatai, bioorganinės trąšos, derlingumas, šaknia...
Fertilizing field experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station of Aleksandras Stulginskis University in 2014–2015. Spring rape and spring barley with under-crop, perennial grass in the 1st year of use, and winter wheat were grown in four-field crop rotation. The experiment aim was to evaluate the influence of fertilizer on spring barley and on oilseed rape applying bioorganic nanofertilizers (BNF) and N60P60K70. The spring barley breed ‘Luokė’ and the oilseed rape ‘Sponsor’ were grown for the experiment. The research showed that N60P60K70 and BNF had a positive effect on the yield of spring barley ‘Luokė’ and of oilseed rape ‘Sponsor’. The spring barley grain yield increased from 6.8 to 16.3% and the oilseed rape seed yield increased from 8.1 to 23.3% compared to the control. The best yields were obtained fertilizing with N60P60K70 and BNF rate 1.0 l ha–1 and spraying twice. Fertilization with N60P60K70 and BNF 1.0 l ha–1 sprayed twice increased the crude protein content in grains by 0.51%. Fertilization with N60P60K70 and BNF solutions significantly increased the yield of spring barley grain and straw and improved the grain quality, positively influenced 1 000 grain weight, sprouting energy and germination. Application of N60P60K70 and BNF for barley is economically beneficial because it gave the highest profit compared to other options, 158.10 € ha–1. The premium yield of spring rape, sprayed with BNF 1.0 l ha–1 solution twice, was higher by 89.92 € ha–1 than that of the oilseed rape sprayed once. Application of N60P60K70 and BNF on oilseed rape is economically beneficial because it gave the highest profit compared with other options, 172.90 € ha–1.
Investigations were carried out in the production fields of agricultural company Linas in Ringaudai eldership, Kaunas district. Spring wheat variety 'Koksa' was grown on non-damp, light loamy soil with a mobile phosphorus content of 173 mg kg -1 and a potassium content of 139 mg kg -1 . Soil acidity -pH 6.9-7.0. The ozonator was attached on the trailing sprayer JARMET. During the studies, the concentration of ozone-saturated water and the spray rate were determined so as not to damage the crop, pollute the environment, or harm humans or animals. The speed of the sprayer was 6 km h -1 . The application was performed 2 or 4 times. It was determined that treatment of spring wheat with ozonated water, although not always statistically significantly, however, reduced the occurrence of powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis), brown rust (Puccinia recondita), and inhibited the spread of aphids. A tendency for tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici repentis) and thrips decrease in the crop was observed. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of ozonated water application on the spread of spring wheat pests and leaf diseases.
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