This article presents a systematic scoping review of the literature focusing on interactions between classroom dialogue and digital technology. The first review of its type in this area, it both maps extant research and, through a process of thematic synthesis, investigates the role of technology in supporting classroom dialogue. In total, 72 studies (published 2000-2016) are analysed to establish the characteristics of existing evidence and to identify themes. The central intention is to enable researchers and others to access an extensive base of studies, thematically analysed, when developing insights and interpretations in a rapidly changing field of study. The discussion illustrates the interconnectedness of key themes, placing the studies in a methodological and theoretical context and examining challenges for the future.
Culture and heritage are plural and fluid, continually co-created through interaction between people. However, traditional monologic models of cultural literacy reflect a one-way transmission of static cultural knowledge. Using the context of a large European project and augmenting the work of Buber with models of literacy as social practice, in this article cultural literacy is reconceptualized as fundamentally dialogic. We argue that cultural literacy empowers intercultural dialogue, opening a dialogic space with inherent democratic potential. Considering implications for the classroom, we outline how a dialogic pedagogy can provide a suitable context for the development of young people's cultural literacy.
To better understand the earliest steps in the assembly of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins, we compared the biophysical and interfacial properties of two closely related apolipoprotein B (apoB) truncation mutants, one of which contains the complete lipoprotein initiating domain (apoB20.1; residues 1-912), and one of which, by virtue of a 50 amino acid C-terminal truncation, is incapable of forming nascent lipoproteins (apoB19; residues 1-862). Spectroscopic studies detected no major differences in secondary structure, and only minor differences in conformation and thermodynamic stability, between the two truncation mutants. Monolayer studies revealed that both apoB19 and apoB20.1 bound to and penetrated egg phosphatidylcholine (EPC) monolayers; however, the interfacial exclusion pressure of apoB20.1 was higher than apoB19 (25.1 mN/m vs. 22.8 mN/m). Oil drop tensiometry revealed that both proteins bound rapidly to the hydrophobic triolein/water interface, reducing interfacial tension by ?20 mN/m. However, when triolein drops were first coated with phospholipids (PL), apoB20.1 bound with faster kinetics than apoB19 and also displayed greater interfacial elasticity (26.9 6 0.8 mN/m vs. 22.9 6 0.8 mN/m). These data establish that the transition of apoB to assembly competence is accompanied by increases in surface activity and elasticity, but not by significant changes in global structure. Apolipoprotein B (apoB) is a 4,536 amino acid residue secretory glycoprotein that serves as the major structural component of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins secreted by the liver (very low density lipoproteins) and intestine (chylomicrons) (1-5). The assembly of apoB-containing lipoproteins is believed to occur in two stages: in the first stage, a precursor apoB-containing emulsion particle is formed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) concurrently with apoB translation; in the second stage, these nascent lipoproteins fuse with TG-rich emulsion particles produced in the smooth ER (6-11). Both steps require the activity of microsomal TG transfer protein (MTP), a dedicated ER-localized cofactor that is essential for apoBcontaining lipoprotein assembly and secretion (12)(13)(14).The mechanism by which apoB is lipidated during the initial phase of TG-rich lipoprotein assembly is not well understood. It was first proposed that apoB intercalates into the inner leaflet of the ER membrane during its translation and then entrains membrane lipid as it desorbs from the ER membrane (15-18). The observation that apoB becomes associated with the ER membrane immediately after translation (16), and that N-terminal fragments of apoB bind to hydrophobic surfaces (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24), suggests that apoB possesses avid surface activity, which is an essential requisite of this model. Recently, however, have proposed a different model for the lipidation of apoB that is based upon sequence similarities between apoB and vitellogenin. This model postulates that the N terminal ?1,000 residues of apoB form two b-sheets that comprise the s...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.