Presentamos una historización de las formas en que fue habitada, vivida y construida la quebrada deMiriguaca (puna meridional) en los últimos 4000 años. A partir de la sistematización de los datos ge-nerados durante más de 14 años, y con el aporte de resultados de análisis inéditos, integramos diversaslíneas de evidencias y perspectivas metodológicas con el fin de abordar los modos de habitar y construirel paisaje de la quebrada a lo largo de diferentes momentos de la historia del área. Además, exploramosel rol de este espacio en el entramado social regional, poniendo en relación las continuidades y rupturasen las prácticas del habitar Miriguaca con los modelos y las evidencias arqueológicas de otras quebradasde la cuenca de Antofagasta de la Sierra. Las evidencias permiten visualizar distintas formas de habitar laquebrada, entre las cuales se establecieron relaciones sincrónicas y diacrónicas, a veces congruentes, alarticularse diversas funcionalidades y momentos en símiles elecciones arquitectónicas y de localización,que generaron lugares persistentes del habitar. En otros casos, se registran discontinuidades y diferenciasmarcadas en las formas de construir los paisajes, que refieren a situaciones de discordancia y contrapuntoentre distintas maneras de habitar un mismo espacio.
In the Andes, there are several pre-Hispanic irrigation networks with structures destined for water storage. However, it has not been widely discussed in archaeological research. This is probably due to their being difficult to identify. The aim of this study is to explore the use of diatom assemblage analysis as a methodological tool suitable to help in the identification and characterization of these ancient hydraulic structures. We analyzed two archaeological structures interpreted as water reservoirs from north-western Argentina (EH1 in Antofagasta de la Sierra and U-88R1 in Yocavil) and compared them to current reservoirs. The diatom species composition and the changes in the dominant ecological groups in the studied structures highlight different periods of hydraulic behavior. EH1 contained and stored water, but there were periods of time in which there was a lack of use or abandonment of the structure. However, the U88-R1 structure does not have diatom evidence of containing standing water for a prolonged time but presence of wet soils. Thus, the structure could have been used for other water management strategies. The results show that diatom analysis is a methodological tool with a high potential to study ancestral hydrotechnologies.
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