Four diblock copolymers of styrene oxide and ethylene oxide were prepared by oxyanionic polymerization: E45S10, S15E63, S17E65, and S20E67. Surface tension measurements were used to determine critical
micelle concentrations of copolymer E45S10 in aqueous solution at several temperatures and thereby its
standard enthalpy of micellization. A compilation of known results for copolymers with hydrophobic blocks
formed from either styrene oxide or 1,2-butylene oxide shows a discontinuity at S5 or B10 in the block length
dependence of the Gibbs energy of micellization which is assigned to lengthy hydrophobic blocks being
tightly coiled in the molecular state in water. Light scattering was used to determine micellar association
numbers and radii, and scaling exponents were established for the dependence of these parameters on
S-block length. Phase diagrams defining regions of hard and soft gel were determined by tube inversion
and Couette rheometry.
Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) anatomic lobectomy for lung cancer was initially described in 1993. Since then, many thoracic surgery departments have progressively adopted this technique, although the approach description may vary greatly among them. Most of surgeons use three incisions but the lobectomy can be performed by only one port, especially when it is performed by surgeons experienced in double-port technique. Lower lobes are the easiest cases to perform. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of a single-port upper lobectomy with no rib spreading.
The use of EE provides significant prognostic information for predicting mortality and MACE in patients with interpretable ECG and normal exercise ECG testing.
The advent of thoracic aortic endografting has enabled a revolution in the management of acute traumatic aortic injury in patients with multisystem trauma with a low in-hospital morbimortality. Nonoperative management may be only a therapeutic option with acceptable survival in carefully selected patients. The natural history of these patients has revealed a marked trend of late aortic-related complications developing, which may justify an endovascular repair even in some low-risk patients.
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