BACKGROUND: Treatment of complex anal fistula is challenging, often mandating multiple procedures. The gracilis muscle has been used to treat perineal fistulas and to repair perineal defects. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to report the results of gracilis muscle interposition for complex anal fistula, including prognostic factors for success. DESIGN: This is a retrospective analysis of a prospective database for patients who underwent gracilis muscle interposition for complex anal fistula from 2000 to 2018. SETTING: Patient demographics, operative data, and postoperative outcome were obtained from medical records. Office visits were used for follow-up. PATIENTS: All patients who underwent gracilis muscle interposition for complex anal fistula were included. Patients who underwent gracilis muscle interposition for reasons other than complex anal fistula were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measured was the healing of complex anal fistula following gracilis muscle interposition and following additional procedures, when needed. RESULTS: A total of 119 patients (60 men, 59 women; median age: 56 (21–85) years) were included. The initial success rate of gracilis muscle interposition was 42%; the final success rate if additional procedures were undertaken was 92%. Overall success rate was 32.2% in women and 51.6% in men. Univariate analysis revealed that sex (p = 0.0315) and bed rest >3 days (p = 0.0078) were significant poor prognostic factors for failure, whereas the multivariate logistic regression model showed that length of bed rest >3 days was a significant poor prognostic factor for failure. In the female subgroup, multivariate analysis showed that bed rest ≥3 days was a significant poor prognostic factor, whereas in the male population there was no significant prognostic factor. LIMITATION: This study was limited by its retrospective nature and the heterogeneity of patients. CONCLUSION: Although initial success is <50%, the ultimate success after gracilis muscle interposition and other subsequent procedures is >90%. Patients must be preoperatively counseled that additional procedures will probably be required to achieve successful fistula closure. Furthermore, prolonged bed rest should be avoided after gracilis muscle interposition. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B551. INTERPOSICIÓN DEL MÚSCULO GRACILIS PARA EL TRATAMIENTO DE LA FÍSTULA ANAL COMPLEJA: EXPERIENCIA CON 119 PACIENTES CONSECUTIVOS ANTECEDENTES: El tratamiento de la fístula anal compleja es un desafío que a menudo requiere de múltiples procedimientos quirúrgicos. El músculo gracilis se ha utilizado para tratar fístulas y reparar defectos perineales. OBJETIVO: Informar los resultados de la interposición del músculo gracilis para la fístula anal compleja, incluyendo los factores pronósticos para un tratamiento exitoso. DISEÑO: Se efectuó un análisis retrospectivo obtenido de una base de datos prospectiva para pacientes sometidos a interposición del músculo gracilis por fístula anal compleja del 2000 al 2018. METODO: Los datos demográficos de los pacientes, la información del procedimiento quirúrgico y los resultados postoperatorios se obtuvieron de los expedientes clínicos; el seguimiento se llevó a cabo por medio de visitas al consultorio. PACIENTES: Se incluyeron todos los pacientes sometidos a interposición del músculo gracilis por fístula anal compleja; Se excluyeron los pacientes que se sometieron a interposición del músculo gracilis por motivos distintos a la fístula anal compleja. CRITERIOS DE EVALUACION DE LOS RESULTADOS: Curación de una fístula anal compleja después de la interposición del músculo gracilis y procedimientos adicionales, cuando fueron necesarios. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron un total de 119 pacientes [60 hombres, 59 mujeres; con media de edad de 56 (21-85) años]. La tasa de éxito inicial de la interposición del músculo gracilis fue del 42%; La tasa de éxito final cuando realizaron procedimientos adicionales fue del 92%. La tasa de éxito global fue del 32,2% en mujeres y del 51,6% en hombres. El análisis univariado reveló que el género (p = 0,0315) y el reposo en cama > 3 días (p = 0,0078) en forma significativa fueron factores de pronóstico bajo para el fracaso, mientras que el modelo de regresión logística multivariable mostró que la duración del reposo en cama> 3 días fue un factor de pronóstico significativamente bajo para fracaso. En el subgrupo de mujeres, el análisis multivariado mostró que el reposo en cama ≥3 días fue un factor de pronóstico significativamente bajo, mientras que en la población masculina no hubo un factor pronóstico significativo. LIMITACIÓN: Carácter retrospectivo y heterogenicidad de los pacientes. CONCLUSIÓN: Aunque el éxito inicial es <50%, el éxito final después de la interposición del músculo gracilis y otros procedimientos posteriores es > 90%. Se debe aconsejar a los pacientes antes de la operación que probablemente se requieran procedimientos adicionales para lograr el cierre exitoso de la fístula. Además, debe evitarse el reposo prolongado en cama después de la interposición del músculo gracilis. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B551.
Background Hartmann's procedure (HP) is used in surgical emergencies such as colonic perforation and colonic obstruction. “Temporary” colostomy performed during HP is not always reversed in part due to potential morbidity and mortality associated with reversal. There are several contributing factors for patients requiring a permanent colostomy following HP. Therefore, there is still some discussion about which technique to use. The aim of this study was to evaluate perioperative variables of patients undergoing Hartmann's reversal using a laparoscopic and open approach. Methods The multicenter retrospective cohort study was done between January 2009 and December 2019 at 14 institutions globally. Patients who underwent Hartmann's reversal laparoscopic (LS) and open (OS) approaches were evaluated and compared. Sociodemographic, preoperative, intraoperative variables, and surgical outcomes were analyzed. The main outcomes evaluated were 30‐day mortality, length of stay, complications, and postoperative outcomes. Results Five hundred and two patients (264 in the LS and 238 in the OS group) were included. The most prevalent sex was male in 53.7%, the most common indication was complicated diverticular disease in 69.9%, and 85% were American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) II‐III. Intraoperative complications were noted in 5.3% and 3.4% in the LS and OS groups, respectively. Small bowel injuries were the most common intraoperative injury in 8.3%, with a higher incidence in the OS group compared with the LS group (12.2% vs. 4.9%, p < 0.5). Inadvertent injuries were more common in the small bowel (3%) in the LS group. A total of 17.2% in the OS versus 13.3% in the LS group required intensive care unit (ICU) admission ( p = 0.2). The most frequent postoperative complication was ileus (12.6% in OS vs. 9.8% in LS group, p = 0.4)). Reintervention was required mainly in the OS group (15.5% vs. 5.3% in LS group, p < 0.5); mortality rate was 1%. Conclusions Laparoscopic Hartmann's reversal is safe and feasible, associated with superior clinical outcomes compared with open surgery.
Apresentam-se 76 pacientes operados devido a hérnias inguinais, com o uso rotineiro de telas de polipropilene colocadas sobre a fascia transversalis, em correção sem tensão, através de uma inguinotomia transversa pequena (média de 6cm). Doze pacientes foram operados bilateralmente, perfazendo 88 intervenções. Entre as intervenções, cinqüenta foram sobre hérnias inguinais indiretas (56,8%), 15 sobre hérnias associadas diretas e indiretas (17,1 %), e 23 sobre hérnias diretas (26,1%). Praticamente não houve queixas de dor à exceção da dor superficial. Não houve nenhum caso de infecção ou rejeição. Nenhum paciente referiu sentir a sua presença. Após dois dias, os pacientes foram liberados de qualquer tipo de restrição física ou esportiva. Não há qualquer evidência sugestiva de recidiva. Tempo médio de seguimento de trinta meses. Discute-se a técnica empregada. A HIPA é técnica fácil, rápida, de custo baixo, não exige anestesia geral nem materiais especiais, com baixos índices de recidiva e, por não implicar suturas sob tensão, permite restabelecimento pronto, com mínima dor e sem restrições físicas.
The case of a patient with gastric adenocarcinoma with indication for gastrectomy is reported. The surgery took place without complications. A palliative, subtotal gastrectomy was performed after para-aortic lymph nodes compromised by neoplasm were found, which was confirmed by pathological exam of frozen sections carried out during the intervention. At the end of the gastroenteroanastomosis procedure, the patient began to show intense bradycardia: 38 beats per minute (bpm), arterial hypotension, changes in the electrocardiogram's waveform (upper unlevelling of segment ST), and cardiac arrest. Resuscitation maneuvers were performed with temporary success. Subsequently, the patient had another circulatory breakdown and again was recovered. Finally, the third cardiac arrest proved to be irreversible, and the intra-operative death occurred. Necropsy showed massive pulmonary embolism. The medical literature has recommended heparinization of patients, in an attempt to avoid pulmonary thromboembolism following major surgical interventions. However, in the present case, heparinization would have been insufficient to prevent death. This case indicates that it is necessary to develop preoperative propedeutics for diagnosing the presence of venous thrombi with potential to migrate, causing pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). If such thrombi could be detected, preventative measures, such as filter installation in the Cava vein could be undertaken.
Several drugs and their associations are being used for adjuvant or complementary chemotherapy with the aim of improving results of gastric cancer treatment. The objective of this study was to verify the impact of these drugs on nutrition and on survival rate after radical treatment of 53 patients with gastric cancer in stage III of the TNM classification. A control group including 28 patients who had only undergone radical resection was compared to a group of 25 patients who underwent the same operative technique followed by adjuvant polychemotherapy with FAM (5-fluorouracil, Adriamycin, and mitomycin C). In this latter group, chemotherapy toxicity in relation to hepatic, renal, cardiologic, neurological, hematologic, gastrointestinal, and dermatological functions was also studied. There was no significant difference on admission between both groups in relation to gender, race, macroscopic tumoral type of tumor according to the Borrmann classification, location of the tumor in the stomach, length of the gastric resection, or response to cutaneous tests on delayed sensitivity. Chemotherapy was started on average, 2.3 months following surgical treatment. Clinical and laboratory follow-up of all patients continued for 5 years. The following conclusions were reached: 1) The nutritional status and incidence of gastrointestinal manifestation were similar in both groups; 2) There was no occurrence of cardiac, renal, neurological, or hepatic toxicity or death due to the chemotherapeutic method per se; 3) Dermatological alterations and hematological toxicity occurred exclusively in patients who underwent polychemotherapy; 4) There was no significant difference between the rate and site of tumoral recurrence, the disease-free interval, or the survival rate of both study groups; 5) Therefore, we concluded, after a 5-year follow-up, chemotherapy with the FAM regimen did not increase the survival rate.
; Guilherme Tommasi Kappaz 5 RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar e comparar os diversos procedimentos cirúrgicos descritos para o tratamento da doença pilonidal. Método: Foram selecionados 34 trabalhos publicados em revistas indexadas, totalizando 8698 doentes operados. Realizou-se meta-análise para comparação das sete principais técnicas cirúrgicas descritas na literatura, quanto aos resultados em relação à recidiva e ao tempo de cicatrização no pós-operatório. Resultados: Do total de doentes estudados, houve recidiva em 230 doentes (2,6%). O tempo de cicatrização no pós-operatório foi significantemente maior no grupo de excisão sem sutura. As recidivas foram estatisticamente semelhantes nos métodos: excisão sem sutura, marsupialização, incisão e curetagem, excisão e retalho e técnica de Karidakys. Os métodos que apresentaram maior índice de recidiva (estatisticamente significante -p<0,001) foram: excisão e sutura primária e o método de Bascom. Conclusão: Conclui-se, por esse estudo, que os resultados em relação à recidiva são estatisticamente semelhantes em todos os métodos, com exceção da excisão e sutura primária e da técnica de Bascom, que apresentaram recidivas mais freqüentes. O tempo de cicatrização foi maior nos indivíduos operados pela técnica de excisão sem sutura primária.Descritores: Cisto pilonidal; Doença pilonidal; Marsupialização; Abscesso sacral; Incisão e curetagem. INTRODUÇÃOA doença pilonidal é uma inflamação crônica dos seios pós-sacrais, e afeta a área de pele posterior ao ânus e recobrindo o sacro, na região da fenda interglútea 1 . Atualmente, entre a maioria dos autores, há consenso em relação à etiologia adquirida da doença, porém o mesmo não ocorre em relação ao melhor tratamento, que ainda é alvo de muitas discussões e incertezas 2-4 . O tratamento cirúrgico é o preferido pela grande maioria dos autores, e entre os diferentes métodos, a excisão seguida ou não por fechamento da ferida e a incisão do cisto seguida por marsupialização ou curetagem são os principais procedimentos cirúrgicos adotados pelos cirurgiões.Diversos estudos vêm analisando diferentes modalidades cirúrgicas, mas nenhum deles foi realizado com amostra e controle suficientes para que se pudesse definir o tratamento de escolha para o cisto pilonidal. Com o intuito de esclarecer esta questão, nós realizamos uma metaanálise incluindo a maior parte dos trabalhos da literatura recente, e comparamos os principais procedimentos adotados mundialmente, em relação à recidiva e tempo de cicatrização. MÉTODORealizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico dos estudos pertencentes à base de dados MEDLINE. Foram selecionados todos os artigos publicados desde 1994 até janeiro de 2002, que incluíssem as diferentes modalidades de tratamento cirúrgico do cisto pilonidal. Mais de 70% destes artigos estavam disponíveis e foram incluídos na meta-aná-lise. As principais referências bibliográficas citadas nesses artigos que foram publicadas antes de 1994 também foram obtidas e incluídas no estudo. Os artigos que não estavam disponíveis ou que não analis...
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