A fauna edáfica tem sido amplamente utilizada como bioindicadora da qualidade do solo em agroecossistemas por responder rapidamente às alterações decorrentes do uso e manejo em sistemas agrícolas. Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a fauna do solo associado a sistemas de cultivo convencionais e sustentáveis. Os sistemas estudados foram cana convencional, cana orgânica, milho orgânico consorciado com guandu-anão, milho orgânico em monocultivo, sistema agroflorestal, solo em pousio e vegetação nativa. Foram instaladas, em cada área, quatro armadilhas de queda (“pitfall”) para captura dos organismos da fauna do solo, ao longo de um transecto, equidistantes de 5 m, totalizando 28 armadilhas. Coletou-se um total de 1330 indivíduos, distribuídos em 50 táxons, sendo Formicidae, Collembola e Diptera: Phoridae os predominantes. Os indivíduos pertencentes ao grupo trófico funcional predadores foram os mais representativos na maioria das áreas estudadas. Os sistemas pousio, agrofloresta, cana convencional e vegetação nativa mostraram maior abundância de indivíduos da fauna do solo. A riqueza de grupos foi maior nos sistemas com milho orgânico em monocultivo, consorciado com guandu-anão e pousio, com as duas áreas de milho apresentando maior uniformidade na distribuição dos grupos da fauna do solo. Estes resultados podem auxiliar na classificação de alguns grupos de invertebrados como bioindicadores de qualidade do solo em agroecossistemas.
The maintenance of creole seeds promotes preservation of agrobiodiversity and family autonomy. For this reason, seeds quality is essential in the context of creole seeds because directly impacts the improvement of the production field and, consequently, its continuous existence. The study evaluated the diversity and the seed quality of creole maize seeds in two harvests in the South-West of São Paulo, Brazil, an important maize production site in Brazil. Seeds from both harvests (2019 and 2020) were evaluated regarding the physical (physical aspects, one test seed mass, test of infestation), physiological (water content, germination test, seedling emergence in soil, emergence speed index and cold test) and health potential (blotter test). Among 20 lots collected, the seeds were classified into five varieties according to family famers perception. It was observed a variation in terms of physical, physiological and health quality between the seed lots. The lots harvested in 2020 had the highest values of size, 1000 seed mass, germination and vigor. The blotter test identified for both harvests, mainly in 2019, high incidence of Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp., considered as storage fungi. Therefore, the variation in seed quality between the harvest refers mainly to the characteristics of the storage process performed. More studies on better strategies for creole maize seed storage are necessary to guarantee seed quality, since low seed quality is a risk for losing these materials.
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