The relevance of the study is due to the need to reduce the energy intensity of the process of cutting sunflower stalks by choosing a rational profile of knives. The research is based on a comparative analysis of experimental values of cutting forces for the proposed and manufactured design of the knife system and known knife systems. The studies have shown that the implementation of the retaining and main knives of the header in the form of a curved spiral of Archimedes allowed to reduce the cutting force. It was also found that the cutting force for the proposed design of the knife system, unlike other studied, practically does not change with the removal of the stem from the axis of rotation of the knives, which does not require an increase in energy costs for the cutting process.
Current situation with the fleet of transport and technological machinery in Ukraine requires an individual approach to evaluating the effectiveness of its maintenance and repair system. The article is devoted to the issue of selecting the most effective option for the use of transport and technological machinery taking into account the specific conditions of its operation characterized by certain risks and uncertainties, and considering the real volumes and age structure of the fleet. Solving this problem requires substantiation of management models of maintenance and repair processes. It is necessary to provide scientifically based methods of managing the system of technical maintenance (TM) and repair of transport and technological machinery (RTTM) using specific methods of an individual approach to the technical and economic evaluation of the effectiveness of maintenance and RTTM processes which are adapted to the modern conditions of its operation. The article presents the results of the research, which was carried out using the basics of system analysis, the theory of decision-making under the conditions of uncertainty, and the basics of multi-criteria analysis. In the course of research, an analytical management model of the maintenance and repair system operation was formed that reveals the sequence of implementing the management methodology, which makes it possible to assess its state in successive discrete states, to promptly take into account the effect of external influencing factors and make corrections, which, in turn, allow increasing the validity of strategic decisions aimed at increasing the effectiveness. A numerical calculation was performed, which allowed us to conclude that the value of maintenance intervals has a significant impact on the indicator of effectiveness. Adjusting this value makes it possible to optimize maintenance and repair processes.
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