Both Russia and Croatia are the great seafaring nations with glorious past, complicated present and, hopefully, a rewarding future. The countries that historically had long sea borders are almost destined to become the global shipbuilding centres. Since the ancient times, the marine shipping routes have connected the most distant nations, countries and entire continents through trade and economic relations. At the same time, the high seas were also a place for the constant battles between the fl eets of the major seafaring nations. Thus, both civil and naval shipbuilding was and will always be of utmost importance for any country with a sea access. The product of this industry stays in demand at any time and under any circumstances-both during the periods of growth and the times of crises. The shipbuilding is subject to the same kind of diffi culties as the economy as a whole, but due to the technological specifi cs of this industry it has some additional specifi c problems. This article deals with the comparative analysis of the recent and current state of the shipbuilding industries of Croatia and Russia. We tried to fi nd out the problems that are similar for the shipbuilding industries of both countries, as well as their national particularities. The main diffi culty for the comparative analysis was the fact that while the major part of the Croatian shipbuilding is civil, the Russian industry is predominantly naval. However, it does not preclude the existence of common problems, for the research of which the comparative analysis could be a useful tool. Sažetak I Rusija i Hrvatska poznate su pomorske zemlje sa slavnom pomorskom tradicijom, složenim okolnostima u današnjim vremenima i, nadajmo se, budućnošću koja obećava. Zemlje koje imaju dugu obalu gotovo neizbježno postaju svjetska središta brodogradnje. Od davnih su vremena putovi prijevoza morem povezivali najudaljenije narode, zemlje i cijele kontinente s pomoću trgovine i ekonomskih odnosa. Istovremeno, oceani su predstavljali mjesta stalnih sukoba između fl ota najvećih pomorskih nacija. Stoga je i civilna i ratna brodogradnja bila i bit će uvijek najznačajnija za svaku zemlju koja ima izlaz na more. Uvijek postoji potražnja za proizvodima ove industrije-i u vrijeme rasta i u vrijeme krize. Brodogradnja je izložena jednakim problemima kao i ekonomija u cjelini, ali zbog svojih tehnoloških posebnosti ova industrija ima dodatne specifi čne probleme. U ovome radu daje se komparativna analiza stanja brodograđevnih industrija u Hrvatskoj i Rusiji kakve su bile u posljednje vrijeme i kakve su danas. Pokušalo se otkriti probleme u brodograđevnoj industriji koji su slični u objema zemljama, kao i različitosti. Najveća prepreka u komparativnoj analizi bila je činjenica da je većina brodogradnje u Hrvatskoj za civilne potrebe, dok je u Rusiji pretežito za vojne potrebe. Međutim, time se ne isključuju zajednički problemi, a ova komparativna analiza može poslužiti boljem istraživanju tih problema. KEY WORDS civil shipbuilding military shipbuilding branch problems s...
Russia has a rich centuries-old tradition of naval and civilian shipbuilding. Upon the end of the ideological confrontation, the competition of the main sea-faring nations of the world took on the new and at the same time – more traditional form for the market economy. The global economic crisis and the decrease of the freight traffic, including the sea freight, led to the exacerbation of the competitive struggle in this market. Whereas the Naval Engineering and Armament (NEA) in Russia are at a very high level, which is proved by the position Russia holds within the global markets of this kind of production, the civilian shipbuilding is not only unable to compete in the global market, but even barely present on the domestic one. The future of the civilian shipbuilding is in such promising niches as the development of the equipment for the exploration of the Arctic oil fields, the iceboats for the maintenance of the Northern Sea Route, and the sea- and river-going vessels for the domestic operations. In this article, the authors analyse the current state policy in regards of both civilian and naval shipbuilding, the position of Russia in the global market of the NEA, assess the current state of this industry and the competitive potential of the Russian Federation, reveal the problems and consider the prospects for the development. The analysis is based on the rich factual material and the available statistical data. The careful study and its results allowed the authors to come to the certain conclusions and to provide advice for the improvement of the state policy in regards to the shipbuilding.
Research background: The completion of the ideological confrontation of socio-economic systems that occurred in the early 90s of XX century after the collapse of the USSR did not radically affect the development of the global defense industrial complex (DIC). Taking into account the place and role of national DICs in the economies of the world’s leading powers, we can only talk about the modification of their development in the new historical conditions. The defense industry complex in Russia, as before in the USSR, is one of the priority areas of the country’s development. Purpose of the article: The aim of the article was to study the current state of the Russian DIC, to analyse problems, limitations and prospects for its development. The hypothesis was put forward that the condition of the Russian DIC is currently determined by the whole complex of factors, both internal and external, and therefore the solution of these problems should also be comprehensive. Methods: The study was based on statistical analysis of information from both official databases (SIPRI, World Bank, Federal Government Statistics Service) and other open sources. Findings & Value added: The analysis showed that all corporations of the Russian DIC have positive dynamics in the value of their assets and generally demonstrate good financial stability under difficult external and internal economic and political conditions. At the same time, a number of problems requiring prompt resolution pose a threat to the successful development of the Russian defense industry in the near and distant future. The scientific value of research is determined by the comprehensive approach itself.
Research background: Currently, the four major mobile communications providers dominate the Russian market. The oligopolistic structure leads to negative consequences, such as a weak stimulus for the product development or technological innovation, and the lack of incentive for the call-rate reduction. In their line of work, the mobile service providers use different price strategies. To comprehend what determines the current price level and what changes one should expect therein, we have to understand which factors influence the price of the mobile services. Purpose of the article: The chief goal of this work is the analysis of the influence of the crisis on the price strategies of the providers, as well as the forecasting of the changes of prices for their services. As the main hypothesis, this work presents the assumption that during the recession the price of the mobile services in the different regions of Russia will grow. Methods: The authors built regression models for the dependence of the average price of the mobile providers’ services in a particular region from the selected factors. In this work, we selected the following types of the multiple regression equation as the modeling functions: linear, power-law, exponential. Adding the time factor (t) is the key element of the forecasting. Findings & Value added: After gathering the data and the subsequent calculation of the medium price baskets, we were able to build different multiple regression models. To build the forecasts for the dynamics of prices in the regions for the year 2018 we selected the best regression models. The analysis of the acquired forecasting results generally proved our hypothesis about the growth of the average prices for the mobile communications services, expected in 2018 in the majority of regions. The analysis itself, the programs created for its implementation, as well as the results obtained, can, in our opinion, be considered as some contribution to the development of the theory of price competition in oligopolistic markets. The mobile services’ markets in many EU countries have a similar structure, and, with this in mind, the results of forecasting price dynamics obtained from Russian experience may be of interest to scholars dealing with similar problems in their respective countries, including the possibility of conducting comparative studies.
Research background: The products of the arms and military equipment market create the material basis for the country’s military security. The most important segment of this market is the market of naval equipment. The acquired competencies have naturally led Russia to the role of the most important exporter in this market. The authors have repeatedly addressed the topic of Russian shipbuilding and the role of Russia in the world market of naval equipment and military ships. Purpose of the article: The main goal of the research is to analyze the current state of the market of naval equipment, the positions of its main participants and, especially, Russia. To determine the future prospects of Russia’s presence in this market, it was necessary to identify the main problems of Russian shipbuilding and consider the impact of external factors on the state of the industry. Methods: Generalizations of the research are based on processing and systematization of data obtained from available information sources. Analyzing the statistics, the authors were able to deduce the trends of the current moment and determine the prospects. Findings & Value added: The analysis of key market indicators, as well as the problems of Russian shipbuilding, allowed the authors to build possible scenarios for its future development, from optimistic under favorable external factors to pessimistic, in which the loss of not only military security, but also the position of the largest exporter in the world market of naval equipment and military ships is inevitable.
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