BackgroundThis study investigated factors related to ethnicity and educational level, their correlation with tumor stage at the time of diagnosis, and their influence on treatment outcomes in patients with prostate cancer.MethodsIn this retrospective observational study, we analyzed the medical records of 1,349 male patients treated for prostatic adenocarcinoma. We collected information about sociodemographic variables, including educational level and self-reported skin color. We also classified the disease according whether it was to more likely to present with metastasis and measured the tumor response to treatment.ResultsLess-educated (<8 years of education) individuals were 4.8 times more likely to develop metastasis than those with more education (>11 years of education; p < 0.001). Similarly, patients with a self-reported black skin color had a 300% increased risk of metastasis at diagnosis (p = 0.001). Distant metastasis was independently correlated with worse outcomes, such that individuals with distant metastasis were 10 times more likely to die than were those without distant metastasis.ConclusionsPatients with self-reported black skin color and <8 years of education were more likely to display advanced disease at the time of diagnosis compared with their counterparts. Only the presence of metastasis was independently associated with mortality or progressive disease.
Guedes HG, Souza ABC de, Oliveira VCB de et al. Epidemiological profile of prostate cancer… Rev enferm UFPE on line. 2008 out./dez.; 2(4):399-405 399 ABSTRACT Objectives: to realize a literature systematic review on the incidence of cancer in the world. Methodology: it was conducted a search in the database of the PUBMED with the descriptors epidemiology, prostate, cancer. We selected articles published from 2002 to 2007. It was used as a criterion for exclusion searches that are not directly addressing the incidence of prostate cancer in the population. They were collected the following variables: author(s), year, purpose, methodology and conclusions. Results: 10 articles were reported. Conclusions: it was possible to verify that in the world, the distribution of prostate cancer varies with ethnicity, genetic susceptibility and environmental factors such as diet. With regard to ethnicity, black men have greater susceptibility to tumor that white men of similar age. In the case of genetic, changes in alleles of genes that control the metabolism of androgens influence the incidence of tumor. As for nutrition, research confirms the influence of foods such as meat, fats and oils, ice cream, margarine and vegetable fat. Descriptors: neoplasms; prostate; epidemiology. RESUMO Objetivo: realizar revisão sistemática de literatura sobre a incidência dessa neoplasia no mundo. Metodologia: foi realizada busca na base de dados do PUBMED com os descritores epidemiology, prostate, câncer. Foram selecionados artigos publicados entre 2002 a 2007. Utilizou-se como critério de exclusão, pesquisas que não se tratavam diretamente da incidência do câncer de próstata na população. Foram coletadas as seguintes variáveis: autor(es), ano, objetivo, metodologia e conclusões. Resultados: foram relatados 10 artigos. Conclusões: foi possível verificar que, no mundo, a distribuição do câncer de próstata varia com a etnia, susceptibilidade genética e fatores ambientais, tais como dieta. Com relação à etnia pode-se perceber que homens negros possuem maior susceptibilidade ao tumor que homens brancos de mesma idade. Tratando-se de genética, as variações em alelos de genes que controlam o metabolismo de andrógenos influenciam na incidência do tumor. Quanto à nutrição, pesquisas confirmam a influência de alimentos como: carne, gorduras e óleos, sorvetes, margarina e gordura vegetal. Descritores: neoplasias; próstata; epidemiologia. Epidemiological profile of prostate cancer… Rev enferm UFPE on line. 2008 out./dez.; 2(4):399-405 400
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