La presente revisión valora la metodología Delphi como técnica de consulta a expertos en el área Salud Pública, particularmente con un enfoque en la gestión de la inocuidad alimentaria y prevención de enfermedades transmitidas por los alimentos (ETA), brindándole a los investigadores, información metodológica para su uso. La compilación de la data se efectuó durante enero-agosto de 2017 en las bases de datos de Scopus, Medline y Scielo. Se evidenció que con los avances tecnológicos el método muestra un repunte, logrando obtener resultados en menor tiempo y costo de proceso, y un mayor alcance a expertos distantes, diversificándose su aplicabilidad en Inocuidad Alimentaria y prevención de ETA. Entre las principales aplicaciones destacan: diseño de sistemas de Análisis de Peligros y Puntos Críticos de Control (HACCP), herramienta ampliamente utilizada para lograr que los alimentos consumidos no ocasionen ningún daño al consumidor, descripción de variables, procesos y situaciones relacionados con las buenas prácticas de manufactura y condiciones sanitarias en la industria de producción y expendio de alimentos, útiles para la toma de decisiones.
Sandoval, C.; Adam Martínez, JM.; Garzón-Roca, J.; Valdebenito, G. (2016). Prediction of the shear strength of reinforced masonry walls using a large experimental database and artificial neural networks.
The monitoring of a structural condition of steel bridges is an important issue. Good condition of infrastructure facilities ensures the safety and economic well-being of society. At the same time, due to the continuous development, rising wealth of the society and socio-economic integration of countries, the number of infrastructural objects is growing. Therefore, there is a need to introduce an easy-to-use and relatively low-cost method of bridge diagnostics. We can achieve these benefits by the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Based Remote Sensing and Digital Image Processing. In our study, we present a state-of-the-art framework for Structural Health Monitoring of steel bridges that involves literature review on steel bridges health monitoring, drone route planning, image acquisition, identification of visual markers that may indicate a poor condition of the structure and determining the scope of applicability. The presented framework of image processing procedure is suitable for diagnostics of steel truss riveted bridges. In our considerations, we used photographic documentation of the Fitzpatrick Bridge located in Tallassee, Alabama, USA.
Abstract. Landscape ecology research relies on frameworks based on geographical information systems (GIS), geostatistics and spatial-feature relationships. With regard to health, the approach consists of systems analysis using a set of powerful tools aimed at the reduction of community vulnerability through improved public policies. The north-oriental malaria focus, one of five such foci in Venezuela, situated in the north-eastern part of the Estado Sucre state, unites several social and environmental features and functions as an epidemiological corridor, i.e. an endemic zone characterised by permanent interaction between the mosquito vector and the human host allowing a continuous persistence of the malaria lifecycle. A GIS was developed based on official cartography with thematic overlays depicting malaria distribution, socio-economic conditions, basic environmental information and specific features associated with the natural wetlands present in the area. Generally, malaria foci are continuously active but when the malaria situation was modelled in the north-oriental focus, a differential, spatio-temporal distribution pattern situation was found, i.e. a situation oscillating between very active and dormant transmission. This pattern was displayed by spatial and statistical analysis based on the model generated in this study and the results were confirmed by municipal and county malaria records. Control of malaria, keeping the incidence at a permanently low level within the regional population, should be possible if these results are taken into account when designing and implementing epidemiological surveillance policies.
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