We performed torsion tests of cork cylinders with a superimposed axial compression (biaxial tests). The axis of the cylindrical samples was, in different tests, along the radial or tangential direction in cork (respectively parallel and perpendicular to the rows of prismatic cells). We obtained the corresponding shear moduli and studied the effect of the superimposed axial compression. We also studied the effect of the rate of torsion on the shear moduli.
Background: Being overweight or obese is one of the most harmful risk factors to the health of a population. The cause of obesity is complex and multifactorial, but the primary cause is a nutrient poor diet. Despite excess intake of calories, obese individuals commonly have a lack of phytonutrients. Phytonutrients such as chlorophyll, carotenoids, and anthocyanins have all been shown to have anti-obesity effects. National data shows that states in with the lowest intakes of fruit and vegetable intake also have higher obesity rates. The data available depicts that a low fruit and vegetable intake, thus low phytonutrient intake, is correlated with excess adiposity.Methods: Fifty subjects from Thibodaux, Louisiana were randomly selected to participate. Three 24-hour food recalls were used to calculate phytonutrient content of the diets using the phytonutrient index. A food frequency questionnaire was also administered to determine intake of specific phytonutrients (carotenoids, anthocyanins, and carotenoids). Body adiposity was measured using body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and fat percentage. Pearson correlation was used to assess correlations between phytonutrient index and body adiposity measures. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc tests was used to determine differences in PI and phytonutrient intakes among the BMI, waist circumference and percent body fat groups.Results: Participants who met healthy standards for BMI, waist circumference, and fat percentage all averaged much higher PI scores compared to those classified as obese/overweight. The data showed a strong inverse relationship between PI and BMI (r = -0.753, p = 0.00), waist circumference (r = -0.730, p = 0.00), and body fat percentage (r = -0.701, p = 0.00). Higher weekly intakes of chlorophyll, carotenoid, and anthocyanin rich foods had better body composition in comparison to those who consumed less (p<0.05).Conclusion: Results suggest a strong correlation between higher phytonutrient intake and improved body composition. Overall diet quality seems to make the most difference, but phytonutrients are thought to be a key reason for those benefits
Background History starts from where we are now ‐ it is not just things that happened a long time ago. The global pandemic began in 2019. It has changed the lives of people with learning disabilities. We began our project during the first lockdown in April 2020. We came together to set up a website to collect stories and support and learn from each other about how to survive and keep strong. Storytelling is very important because it helps us understand what is going on. It is also a way to capture the history of people with learning disabilities at a very difficult time. We know that thousands of people with learning disabilities became ill and died in the flu epidemic of 1918. But nobody recorded their stories in their own words. We want to make sure this does not happen again, so we created an archive to help us remember. Methods The project was managed with an advisory group of people with and without learning disabilities who met monthly to monitor the collection and analysis of stories on the site. A site audit was performed regularly to determine the themes in the stories and who had submitted. The article describes the progress of the project, the stories we have shared, and the challenges we have faced. Conclusions We discuss how people with learning disabilities have been presented in the media and our views about the way we are not heard, or always shown as vulnerable victims. We have found many sad stories, but also positive ones about people being creative and supportive. We look forward to the future and share our ideas about how society could be different and more inclusive. Being part of this project has given us confidence to know we are not alone, and shown us how we can help with the recovery.
experiences/perceptions. This research was guided by Critical Realism philosophical approach, which helps to understand the causal mechanism of breathlessness in relation to complexity and stratified realities in study sample. Braun and Clarke's reflective thematic analysis was used to frame study data.Results Mean age was 56 (18-83). The sample consisted of 8 (40%) men and 12(60%) women. Participants experienced daily breathlessness with exercise/basic activities. Fatigues, sleep problems, and stress/anxiety were other commonly reported symptoms associated with heart failure. Interconnected three themes were identified: Breathlessness evaluation (interconnected sub-themes: factor-related breathlessness, description, and impact of breathlessness), Breathlessness management (breathing exercise/resting, coping with emotional distress (to reduce stress), and retrospective/prospective life changes) and Needs for improving breathlessness management (psychological/emotional and family support). Conclusion Breathlessness evaluation and management of participants vary by factor and its effects. Psychological support is the area where the participants in Turkey most need support. Implications for practice/research Individual breathlessness (symptom) assessment is key to heart failure management to increase motivation for self-care continuity and reduce adverse outcomes.
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