A classification system for saphenous endovenous closure which extends above the epigastric vein has been helpful in guiding management. A GSV diameter at the SFJ of >8 mm and a history of DVT results in significantly higher rates of proximal thrombus extension into the femoral vein. A short course of LMWH, until clot retracts back into the saphenous vein, is therapeutic. Management of the patients with thrombus flush with the femoral vein wall still needs to be defined, but the outcome from these patients is generally benign.

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Case management is a nursing model that hospital administrators have implemented in an effort to reduce costs and improve quality. The pivotal tool that case management utilizes to standardize treatment plans, trend deviations from the standard, and document care is the critical pathway. Proper development, implementation, and utilization of critical pathways provide health care professionals and administrators with quantitative data on correlations between effective resource utilization and patient outcomes.

Hospital LOS for patients who complained of BP at any time during their admission was 3 days longer than those who had no BP, and a history of BP predicted a higher likelihood of BP during admission. Screening of patients on admission to identify any history of BP, and application of a package of care including early mobilization and analgesia may prevent the onset of BP and reduce LOS.

Objective The aim of the present study was to provide a current snapshot of the body mass index (BMI) of the entire patient cohort of an Australian tertiary hospital on one day and compare these data with current published Australian and state (Western Australia) population norms. Methods A single-centre prospective point prevalence study was performed whereby BMI was calculated following actual measurement of patient weight (nurse) and height (physiotherapist) on one day during 2015. Variables were summarised descriptively, and one-way analysis of variance was used to investigate the relationship between continuous BMI and hospital speciality. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to analyse the time to leaving hospital, where those who died were censored at their date of death. Results Data were collected from 416 patients (96% of the hospital population on that day). The mean (± s.e.m.) BMI across the whole hospital population was 26.6±2.2kgm-2, with 37% of patients having normal BMI, 8% being underweight, 32% being overweight, 19% being obese and 4% being severely obese. Comparison with both national and state population norms for 2014-15 reflected higher proportions of the hospital population in the underweight and extremely obese categories, and lower proportions in the overweight and obese categories. There was no significant difference in BMI across medical specialties. Conclusions Despite health warnings about the direct relationship between illness and being overweight or obese, the results of the present study reveal fewer hospitalised patients in these BMI categories and more underweight patients than in the non-hospitalised general Australian population. Being overweight or obese may offer some protection against hospitalisation, but there is a point where the deleterious effect of obesity results in more extremely obese individuals being hospitalised than the proportion represented in the general population. What is known about the topic? Although there is significant current published data relating to general Australian population BMI, there is little pertaining specifically to the hospitalised population. Accordingly, although we know that as an affluent Western country we are seeing growing rates of overweight and obese people and relatively few underweight or undernourished people in the general population, we do not know whether these trends are mirrored or magnified in those who are sick in hospital. We also know that although caring for obese patients carries a significant burden, there is the suggestion in some healthcare literature of an 'obesity paradox', whereby in certain disease states being overweight actually decreases mortality and promotes a faster recovery from illness compared with underweight people, who have poorer outcomes. What does this paper add? This paper is the first of its kind to actually measure and calculate the BMI of a whole tertiary Australian hospital population and provide some comparison with published Australian norms. On average, the hospit...

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Background: Recent findings established that underweight (UW) and extremely obese (EO) people were over-represented in the inpatient cohort of one Australian tertiary hospital. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of these patients and identify if differences existed between this subset and the remaining cohort.