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Gorlin syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited condition that exhibits high penetrance and variable expressivity. It is characterized mainly by Basal cell carcinomas, Odontogenic keratocysts and skeletal anomalies. However, medical literature documents both common and lesser known manifestations of the disorder involving the skin, central nervous system, skeletal system etc. Diagnosis of the syndrome in childhood is basically through oral abnormalities. A case of Gorlin syndrome has been reported here, with review of literature.

Plexiform neurofibroma is a non-circumscribed, thick and irregular benign tumor of the peripheral nerve sheath. It is a virtually pathognomonic and often disabling feature of neurofibromatosis type I. The diffuse and soft nature of plexiform neurofibroma is often compared to 'a bag of worms' and is difficult to distinguish from a vascular malformation or a lymphangioma, thus necessitating thorough clinical and histopathological examination and imaging of the lesion. We present a case of plexiform neurofibroma in a 12-year-old male child.

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Background: Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory, autoimmune, mucocutaneous condition which commonly involves the oral mucosa. Management of oral lichen planus (OLP) is important as it is an oral potentially malignant disorder. Corticosteroids have been the mainstay of treatment; however, their usage is associated with potential side effects. Phytochemicals, such as curcumin, have been used extensively for centuries, owing to its numerous therapeutic properties. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical curcumin in the management of OLP. Materials and Methods:The research group consisted of 27 adult OLP patients, who were randomly divided into two groups. The control group (n = 12) was treated with triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% and the study group (n = 15) with commercially available topical curcumin ointment each to be applied thrice daily for 2 weeks. The patients were reviewed every week. Statistical analysis: Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA were performed. Results: The research groups showed a significant reduction in all the parameters measured. The comparison showed significant improvement in the erythema (P = 0.002), but non-significant reduction in pain (P = 0.697), and ulceration (P = 0.291) in the study group as compared to the control group. Conclusion: Curcumin fared better in reducing pain, erythema, and ulceration. Thus, curcumin can be used as an alternative to steroid in the management of signs and symptoms of OLP with minimal side effects as compared to steroids with similar efficacy.

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Background: Pain as a result of tooth movement is a common clinical symptom for orthodontic patients. Pain increases after the placement of the first arch wire ranging from slight discomfort to throbbing pain. Pharmacological therapy may has undesirable side effects. Furthermore, it has been observed that use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs impedes tooth movement which is critical for any orthodontic treatment. For these reasons, there is high need of other non-pharmacological interventions to manage pain. Objective: The study was designed to assess the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in alleviating pain from fixed orthodontic appliance therapy. Materials and Methods:The study group comprised 30 subjects undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy. They were categorized into three groups with 10 subjects in each group as intervention (LLLT) group (IG) -received LLLT, placebo (blind) group (PG) -received simulated LLLT, and control group (CG). Pain was evaluated using a pain questionnaire at 1, 24, 48, and 72 h after LLLT. Results: At 48 h statistically significant difference in pain score was noted between IG and CG (P = 0.001) while IG and PG were insignificant (P = 0.088). At 72 h statistically significant difference in pain score was noted between IG and PG (0.08); IG and CG were 0.001 while PG and CG were insignificant (0.915). Conclusion: LLLT reduced the duration and intensity of the pain in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy.

Of all the epidermoid cysts encountered throughout the body, only 7% occurs in the head and neck area, with the oral cavity accounting for only 1.6%. Intraorally this benign slow growing and painless entity is usually located in the submandibular, sublingual and submental region. They can cause symptoms of dysphagia and dyspnoea and have a malignant transformation potential. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Described here is a case of gigantic sublingual epidermoid cyst.