Alternative and eco-friendly technologies such as thermal modification can improve durability and dimensional stability of wood. This study evaluated the effect of thermal modification on resistance improvement of Corymbia citriodora and Pinus taeda wood against brown and white-rot fungi under laboratory conditions. Wood samples were subjected to treatment temperatures of 160, 180, 200, 220 and 240 °C in a laboratory electric furnace, under dynamic nitrogen atmosphere. A treatment temperature of 260 °C was additionally used for P. taeda. Seven planks, with dimensions of 6 cm × 16 cm × 56 cm (thickness × width × length), were used for each temperature. The thermally modified planks were transformed into prismatic test samples with dimensions of 1.9 cm × 1.9 cm × 1.9 cm. Inoculated culture bottles containing test blocks were kept in an incubation room for 12 weeks. Thermal modification temperatures at 160 and 180 °C decreased the biological resistance of C. citriodora wood. Treatment temperatures of 200, 220 and 240 °C showed satisfactory decay resistance gains for both species. Rhodonia placenta was the most degrading fungus at temperatures lower than 200 °C.
This study aimed to identify and evaluate the decay capability of fungi that occur naturally in eucalyptus plantations of three cities in Espírito Santo state, Brazil. Hence, discs from deteriorated stumps were collected and samples isolatied to obtain pure fungal cultures. An experiment using Petri dishes with malt-agar medium and eucalyptus sapwood was performed in order to test the decay of each isolate. The experiment was evaluated by mass loss every four weeks during a total of 20 weeks. Fungi with decay capability were selected and identified via extraction of genomic DNA. Seven isolates were identified: Penicillium implicatum, Resinicium confertum, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Cladosporium sp., Penicillium sp., Trichoderma citrinoviride and Acremonium sp. Isolation and identification of fungi from eucalyptus stumps provided naturally occurring decay fungi that inhabit the eucalyptus plantations that were adapted for this study.
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