No abstract

No abstract

________________________________________________________________________________ AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine carcass properties and variability in chemical content and fatty acid composition in the musculus longissimus lumborum et thoracis (MLLT) of different genotypes of pigs. Of 36 male castrated animals used in the trial, 24 were from two strains of Mangalitsa pigs (12 Swallowbellied (SBM) and 12 White (WM)), while 12 were of the Swedish Landrace (SL) breed (the most abundant meat/fattening breed in Serbia). The warm and cold carcass weights at slaughter were significantly higher in the WM and SL compared with the SBM. Results showed differences in warm and cold carcass dressing percentage between the groups. The SBM had significant lower values than WM and SL pigs. The total fat content was higher in WM and SBM pigs than SL pigs. The SL pigs had a significant higher percentage of water in their MLLT than the SBM and WM pigs. The representative of pig meat breeds, SL, contained significantly less cholesterol in its MLLT compared with the SBM and WM (-15.23% and -15.84%). However, differences in the content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were more expressed and distinct. A higher percentage of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were present in MLTT originating from SL pigs compared with the two Mangalitsa strains. The total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) content was higher in SBM and WM than in SL pigs. The alpha linolenic acid concentration (C18:3 n-3) was significantly higher in SBM than in WM and SL pigs. ________________________________________________________________________________

With the aim of reinforcement S&T capacities in aquaculture, studies on the influence of three commercial pelleted diets on fatty acid profile in rainbow trout production were undertaken. Commercial diets for rainbow trout contained significantly different quantities of saturated fatty acids (SFA), (p<0.05), ranging from 21.02 to 38.50%. Significant differences between diets (p<0.05) were established in the proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), (29.56-45.21%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), (31.95 to 36.43%). The established quantities of EPA (C20:5 n-3) and DHA (C22:6 n-3) in diets were 8. 69, 9.11, 11.36% and 3.90, 5.30, 8.18%, respectively. The share of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids (FA) ranged from 17.97 to 26.33% and from 10.10 to 13.98%, respectively. The n-3/n-6 ratio was in the range 1.29-2.61. The major SFA (total SFA: 22.17-35.63%) in fish samples was palmitic acid (C16:0), (15.61-24.65%). Oleic acid (C18:1cis-9) was the most abundant from the MUFA family (21.90-31.89%), (total MUFA: 35.00-43.50%). From PUFA family (total PUFA: 29.38-34.33%), linoleic acid (C18:2 n-6), (10.09-10.97%), EPA (2.95-4.26%) and DHA (7.53-10.39%) were present in significant quantities in trout. Quantities of n-3 FA ranged from 17.08 to 21.12% and significant differences (p<0.05) were established between trout fed Diet I and Diet III. The proportion of n-6 FA ranged from 12.29 to 13.21% and no significant differences were established (p>0.05). The n-3/n-6 ratio ranged from 1.39 to 1.60 and differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). The obtained results indicate that fatty acid profile of fish reflects the fatty acid composition of fish diets, with some variabilities which indicate that the incorporation of fatty acids in fish tissue is under some metabolic effects.

Toxicological and histopathological investigations of tissues of commercially slaughtered chickens were carried out to provide a preliminary evaluation of the incidence of occurrence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in chicken sold in Serbian retail market. In addition, the etiology of nephropathies of these chickens was elucidated. The majority of these tissue samples were not found to contain measurable amounts of OTA. Moreover, the OTA levels found in analyzed tissues were generally low and there was no positive correlation between the presence of OTA and the frequency of histopathological changes. Histopathological changes such as degenerative changes in the kidneys and liver differed from the classical description of the mycotoxic nephropathy, indicating that the chicken nephropathy observed in Serbia may have a multitoxic etiology with possible synergistic effect between microorganisms and natural toxins, usually present in low concentrations. The low OTA results also suggested that chicken meat available in the retail market in Serbia are unlikely to pose any significant adverse health risk to the consumers with respect to OTA toxicity.