IntroductionThe labor force has undergone a restructuring process due to the new socio economic model arising from globalization, which has brought about structural changes based on capitalist practices 1 .This new worldwide demand has led to negative consequences, such as precarious working conditions, intensified professional activities, and increased exposure to health risk factors, which, in turn, has resulted in social exclusion and a progressive decline in health conditions 2 .Teachers have been increasingly presented with significant occupational health problems 3 . They have been assigned an increasing number of activities, which exceed those traditionally allocated to this profession. These activities are held mainly responsible for the success or failure of educational results 4 .The teaching profession is characterized by overcrowded classrooms, the presence of unhealthy factors and the structural inadequacy of the institutions. When added to the increased work load, these deficiencies may cause discomfort and dysfunction. They stem from the lack of rest breaks, a situation that contributes to high absenteeism and job abandonment 5 .The work environment and psychosocial factors have been considered largely responsible for the health problems observed in teachers 1 .Psychosocial aspects refer to the interaction between work environment, content and conditions and worker capacity, needs, culture, extra-work personal elements, which may, according to perception and experience, influence health, satisfaction, and work performance 6 .Therefore, the assessment of these aspects may be fundamental for the prevention of occupational diseases and in promoting the workers' health. The model developed by Karasek 7 , denominated Demand-Control, analyzes factors related to the psychosocial characteristics of work, considering occupational stress as a result of the differences between working conditions and the response capacity of workers involved in task performance and the level of control available to meet their demands.The aforementioned model focuses on two psychosocial dimensions of work: control over work and the psychological demand of the professional activities developed. Control corresponds to the use and development of skills, such as the need to learn new practices, repetition level, creativity, diversified tasks and the development of special individual skills. Psychological demands include requirements imposed on workers in the course of their activities. These include variables that measure pace, volume, time to perform tasks, and the existence of conflicting requests 8 .The combination of experiences in the higher and lower levels of these two dimensions results in different work characteristics represented by four categories as follows: low work demand (low psychological demand, high control over the work itself), active work (high demand and high control), passive work (low demand and low control) and high demand (high demand and low control). Some of these situations can be considered as potenti...
ResumoO presente estudo objetivou verificar o impacto da sintomatologia osteomuscular na qualidade de vida dos professores da rede municipal de ensino de Natal/RN. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva-analítica com corte transversal, que teve como amostra 242 docentes da rede básica. Foi utilizado o Whoqol-breve para avaliação da qualidade de vida e o questionário Nórdico para os sintomas osteomusculares. Na análise dos dados foram utilizados procedimentos da estatística descritiva e o teste de MannWhitney, com um nível de significância de 5%. A prevalência da referida sintomatologia foi de 63,2% entre os investigados, levando-se em consideração os sete dias anteriores ao momento da coleta dos dados. Todos os domínios da qualidade de vida apresentaram-se comprometidos entre o grupo de docentes que apresentaram os sintomas osteomusculares quando comparados ao grupo sem a sintomatologia, sendo encontrado no domínio Físico valor de p < 0,001, no Psicológico p < 0,001, Relação Social p < 0,001 e Meio Ambiente p < 0,001. Dessa forma, a presença de sintomatologia osteomuscular apresentou grande correlação estatística com o comprometimento da qualidade de vida dos professores da rede básica do município de Natal, RN.Palavras-chave: Qualidade de vida. Do-Docentes. Saúde do trabalhador. Transtornos traumáticos cumulativos. Educação. Dor.
A qualidade de vida é um importante aspecto a ser considerado na promoção de saúde dos professores, sobre os quais vêm sendo atribuídas diversas funções no cotidiano de suas atividades de trabalho. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade de vida dos professores do ensino fundamental do município de Jequié-BA. MÉTODO: A pesquisa foi realizada com uma amostra aleatória constituída por 91 professores que responderam o questionário genérico de avaliação da qualidade de vida (SF-36). O questionário analisa oito domínios relativos à qualidade de vida. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva, com determinação de médias, freqüências e desvio-padrão. RESULTADOS: Todos os domínios do SF-36 apresentaram-se prejudicados com destaque para vitalidade (46,26) e dor (53), como os de menor escore, e capacidade funcional (65,71) e limitação por aspectos emocionais (62,63), como os de maior escore. CONCLUSÃO: A qualidade de vida da população estudada encontra-se comprometida, o que pode repercutir no estado de saúde de tais indivíduos.
Severidade clínica e funcionalidade de pacientes hemiplégicos pós-AVC agudo atendidos nos serviços públicos de fisioterapia de Natal (RN)Clinical severity and functionality of acute stroke patients attended at the physiotherapy public services of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil
RESUMOObjeti vou-se investi gar por meio de uma equipe multi disciplinar o estado neurológi-co e o desempenho cogniti vo de pacientes pós-AVC mediante um estudo transversal com 45 pacientes em processo de reabilitação após um AVC agudo. Uti lizaram-se como instrumentos de coleta de dados uma fi cha de avaliação, o Mini Mental--MEEM e o Nati onal Internati onal Health Stroke Scale-NIHSS. Amostra predominantemente feminina (55,6%), AVC Isquêmico (86,7%), Hemisfério cerebral direito (60%) e Escolarizados (68,8%). A média do MEEM para escolarizados e analfabetos foi de 19,3 ± 5,0 e 15,92 ± 3,7 respecti vamente. A média geral do estado neurológico encontrado foi 13,0±4,8. Houve diferença signi fi cati va entre as médias cogniti vas dos pacientes quanto à escolaridade (p valor = 0,017) e relação signifi cati va entre o estado neurológico e o desempenho cogniti vo (r = -0,44 p valor = 0,002). O estado neurológi-co e o nível cogniti vo de pacientes pós-AVC agudo parecem estar diretamente relacionados, o que evidencia a necessidade de maior atenção à questão cogniti va envolvida no início do processo de reabilitação. DESCRITORES Acidente cerebral vascular Cognição Avaliação ReabilitaçãoThe neurological state and cognition of patients after a stoke * ORIGINAL ARTICLE ABSTRACTThe objecti ve of this study was to have a multi disciplinary team investi gate the neurological state and cogniti ve performance of pati ents aft er a stroke, through a cross-secti onal study with 45 pati ents in rehabilitati on aft er having an acute stroke. The data collecti on instruments used were an assessment sheet, the Mini Mental-ME-EM, and the Nati onal Internati onal Health Stroke Scale-NIHSS. The sample consisted mostly of women (55.6%), Ischemic Stroke (86.7%), right hemisphere of the brain (60%) and Educated (68.8%). The mean MEEM for educated and illiterate pati ents was 19.3 ± 5.0 and 15.92 ± 3.7, respectively. The overall mean of the neurological state was 13.0±4.8. A signifi cant diff erence was found between the cogniti ve means of pati ents in terms of educati on (p value = 0.017), and there was a signifi cant relati onship between the neurological state and cogniti ve performance (r = -0.44 p value = 0.002). It appears to be a direct relati onship between the neurological state and cogniti on performance of pati ents after an acute stroke, which evinces the need for greater att enti on to the cogniti ve issue involved early in rehabilitati on. DESCRIPTORS Stroke Cogniti on Evaluati on Rehabilitati on RESUMENSe objeti vó investi gar mediante equipo multi disciplinario el estado neurológico y el desempeño cogniti vo de pacientes post-ACV. Estudio transversal con 45 pacientes post-ACV agudo en proceso de rehabilitación. Se uti lizaron para recolección de datos una fi cha de evaluación; el Mini Mental-MEEM y el Nati onal Internati onal Health Stroke Scale-NIHSS. Muestra predominantemente femenina (55,6%), ACV Isquémico (86,7%), Hemisferio cerebral derecho (60%) y Escolarizados (68,8%). La media de MEEM para escolarizados y analfabetos...
O presente estudo investiga a concepção sobre a saúde do escolar entre os docentes do ensino fundamental e caracteriza a formação desses profissionais nessa temática. Utilizou-se metodologia qualitativa, numa amostra constituída por 45 professores. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário semi-estruturado e posteriormente analisados seguindo a proposta de análise temática. Observou-se que 77,7% dos docentes estudaram conteúdos de saúde e 33,33% apresentam dificuldades em trabalhar essa temática, principalmente por falta de material didático adequado. Com relação aos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais no tema transversal saúde, 75,55% dos entrevistados participaram dessa capacitação. Observa-se que os professores do ensino fundamental necessitam uma capacitação específica e maior suporte com relação à prática da saúde escolar.
The most frequent type of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) neuropathy is that associated with the 17p11.2-p12 chromosome duplication, whose characteristics have been well described in European and North American populations. In this study, we analyzed a Brazilian population exhibiting the mutation, found in 57 patients from 42 families (79%) of a cohort of 53 families with demyelinating CMT. Almost 20% of the duplicated cases were sporadic. In 77% of the duplicated families the mutation event occurred in the hot spot area of the CMT1A-Rep region. Forty-five percent of patients were females, 84% were Caucasians and 13% of African descent. Distal limb weakness was the most frequent abnormality, appearing in 84% of patients, although uncommon manifestations such as severe proximal weakness, floppy baby syndrome, diaphragmatic weakness and severe scoliosis were also observed. One patient was wheelchair-bound, and three suffered severe hand weakness. Sensory abnormalities were detected in 84% of the cases, but 80% were unaware of this impairment. Twelve patients complained of positive sensory manifestations such as pain and paresthesias. Progression was reported by 40%. Motor conduction velocities in the upper limbs were always less than 35 m/s, and less than 30.4 m/s in the peroneal nerve. The findings of this study expand the clinical spectrum of the disease.
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