Aim:The aim of the present study was to determine whether hair could be used as biomarker of fluoride exposure.Materials and Methods:The study was carried out on 30 people living in an endemically fluoridated area and a low fluoridated area. Samples of hair from the occipital were taken and subjected to fluoride analysis by a fluoride ion electrode.Results:Lower fluoride levels in water supplies correlated with lower levels of fluoride in hair and more over higher fluoride levels in water correlated with higher levels of fluoride in hair. A direct relationship was evident between fluoride levels in water supplies and concentration of fluoride in hair (P < 0.01).Conclusions:The results of the present study indicate hair can be used as an indicator of fluoride exposure.
Background:
Clinical research is important to evaluate the effect of desensitizing agents.
Aims:
This randomized clinical trial evaluated the immediate and 1 week desensitizing effect of two desensitizing agents Uno Topical Gel and Profluorid.
Materials and Methods:
Thirtyfive patients with teeth presenting with dentin hypersensitivity were included in this clinical trial. Each quadrant in a patient was randomly assigned to one of two groups: Uno Topical Gel or Profluorid Varnish. A VAS score was used to assess tooth sensitivity at baseline, immediately after application of desensitizer and after 1 week. Additionally, 30 dentin discs were prepared, divided into Group 1(Control Group), Group 2 (Profluorid Varnish) and Group 3 (Uno Topical Gel) and examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after 1hour and 24 hours to evaluate tubule occlusion.
Statistical Analysis:
Clinical data were analysed using Friedman's test and Mann – Whitney U test. SEM data was analysed using Student's 2-sample
t
-test.
Results:
Uno group was significantly better to evaporative stimuli immediately (
P
=0.01) after application. After 1 week, Uno group was significantly better to tactile (
P
=0.000) and evaporative (
P
=0.000) stimuli than Profluorid. SEM images showed that 1 hour after application, Uno and Profluorid demonstrated more than 90% and 80% dentin tubule occlusion respectively. At 24 hours, Uno and Profluorid demonstrated more than 50% and 60% dentin tubule occlusion respectively.
Conclusions:
Uno Topical Gel was significantly better than Profluorid in reducing pain of dentin hypersensitivity due to tactile and evaporative stimuli after 1 week.
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