Background:There is limited data to predict the course of sub-arachnoid block in poliomyelitis patients with scoliotic spine. So we intended to study the course of intrathecal anaesthesia in these patients in comparison to patients with normal spine using 0.5% bupivacaine (heavy).Methods:In this prospective observational study, 41 poliomyelitic patients scheduled for lower limb corrective surgeries under spinal anaesthesia were enrolled. Patients were studied in two groups (Scolotic spine, n=20; Normal spine, n=21). All patients were injected 2 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine heavy intrathecally in the sitting position. The extent of block, bilateral spread, regression of sensory block and motor block were recorded. Demographic data were analysed using the unpaired t test or the chi square test as applicable. Block characteristics were analysed using the Mann Whitney U test.Results:There was statistically significant difference in bilateral spread of sensory block in between the groups. However, there was no significant difference in the maximum extent of the sensory block and the time taken for two segment regression of sensory block. There was no significant difference in time taken to reach complete motor block and for complete recovery from motor block to its preoperative value.Conclusions:Bilateral symmetrical spread of local anaesthetics through intrathecal route cannot be predicted accurately in patients with scoliotic spine. Spinal anaesthesia can be safely administered in poliomyelitis patients with scoliosis with less adverse effects.
Background: Aim: The aim of the present study is to assess and compare the efficacy of Macintosh laryngoscope with C-MAC video laryngoscope in attenuating the hemodynamic stress responses to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Subjects and Methods: A total of 60 patients of ASA grade I or II who were admitted in the hospital for general anaesthesia were included in the study. The total number of patients was randomly divided into two groups containing 30 patients each. In one of the group the endotracheal intubation was performed using the Macintosh laryngoscope while in the other group the endotracheal intubation was performed using the C-MAC video laryngoscope. After successful completion of the intubation process the various hemodynamic parameters were constantly recorded at regular time interval for any sign of hemodynamic response among the patients post intubation. Results: Hemodynamic parameters such as systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressures and mean heart rate were found to be significantly higher among the Macintosh laryngoscope group in comparison to the C-MAC group. However, no significant difference was observed in the percentage of oxygen saturation among the two groups. The time taken for glottis view and total time taken for intubation was found to be significantly higher among the patients intubated with Macintosh laryngoscope in comparison to C-MAC laryngoscope. The increase in the total time taken for intubation was significantly found to increase the hemodynamic response among the patients signifying the increased risk of hemodynamic complications among patients intubated with Macintosh laryngoscope. Cormack-Lehane grading was found to be higher among the patients intubated with the Macintosh laryngoscope which might have resulted in the increased intubation time among the patients intubated with Macintosh laryngoscope. The percentage of successful intubation at the first attempt was also found to be higher in the C-MAC laryngoscope group in comparison to the Macintosh group.The percentage of glottis opening (POGO) was found to increase significantly with C-MAC video laryngoscope in comparison to the Macintosh laryngoscope. Conclusion: The study concluded that video guided C-MAC laryngoscope was a better alternative to conventional Macintosh laryngoscope with decreased hemodynamic response and increased successful intubation among the patients.
Objectives:To assess the impact, timing, the intra and early post-operative complications and the survival outcome of tracheostomy in critically ill neurosurgery patients.Methods:This study was a retrospective data mining where data was collected from hospital records from 175 consecutive patients who underwent tracheostomy in the department of Neurosurgery at the Narayna Medical College Hospital, Nellore, India from Jan 2016 to April 2018. A proforma was used to note down the details on the patient status before and after tracheostomy: Glasgow coma scale (GCS), procedure and intra and post-operative complications, type of tracheostomy cannula, details of decannulation, respiration difficulties, and problems with wound, swallowing difficulties, and voice difficulties, stay in intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital and survival status of the patient.Results:In our series, mean age of TBI cases was 47.42±16.62; mean hospital stay and ICU stay was 18.81±10.22 and 12.58±7.36 days respectively. In all age groups, more tracheostomy was needed in cranial injury cases and surgery was major intervention. Commoner complications were mucous deposition (6.86%), blockage of tracheostomy canula (6.29%), bleeding from multiple attempts (6.06%), excessive bleeding (2.94%). Cranial injury needed tracheostomy more in all age groups and more done at operation theatre without significant improvement of GCS score. Survival was statistically higher after tracheostomy irrespective of GCS status or venue of intervention.Conclusion:Tracheostomy should be considered as soon as the need for airway access is identified during intervention of the critically ill neurosurgical patients.
Background: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a well-described surgical approach for symptomatic degenerative cervical disc disease which does not respond to conservative management. In the present study, we assessed clinical presentation and outcomes of ACDF. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted from October 1, 2015, to October 31, 2017, in the Department of Neurosurgery, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, among 100 consecutive adult patients who underwent single- or two-level ACDF for degenerative cervical disc disease. Results: The mean age was 47.2 ± 12.8 years (range: 20–74 years). Majority of the patients were male (86/100). Presenting symptoms were neck pain (77%), limb weakness (73%), paresthesias (53%), radicular pain (49%), stiffness in limbs (16%), and bladder involvement (13%). Fusion was done with stand-alone titanium cage/bone graft or titanium cage/bone graft with anterior cervical plate. At the time of discharge, significant improvement in preoperative symptoms (neck pain [47/77-61%], radicular pain [31/49-63%], limb weakness [53/73-72.6%], paresthesias [44/53-83%], stiffness in limbs [13/16-81%], and bladder symptoms [8/13-61%]) was reported by majority of these patients. Majority of these patients also reported improvement in preoperative sensory deficits at the time of discharge. Postoperative complications were hoarseness of voice (22%), dysphagia (16%), deterioration of motor power (8%), and postoperative hematoma (7%). Conclusions: A significant proportion of patients with degenerative cervical disc disease show remarkable recovery after ACDF.
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