The present study was planned to standardized technological parameters of whey protein concentrated-70 and studied the storage effect at different temperature on various properties of WPC-70. The optimum feeding temperature and pH of whey to UF was 20C and 5.2, respectively. The WPC-70 stored at 37C, 25C and 7C and various parameters viz. moisture, fat, ash, calcium, chloride, total whey proteins, Nonprotein nitrogen (NPN), denatured whey proteins, pH, acidity, solubility index and bulk density were measured. The sensory evaluation of this product was also carried at the various storage temperatures. Considering the overall sensory quality, the shelf-life of the product was 8, 14 and 16 month at 37C, 25C and 7C, respectively. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONThe whey protein concentrate (WPC-70) can be prepared from buffalo milk using ultrafiltration membrane technology. The preparation of WPC can solved the whey disposal problem to the dairy industries. Membrane technology provides a solution to remove bulk of water from whey with less energy than an evaporation process. WPC represent a protein source of excellent nutritional and functional importance. Moreover, storage study of the product gives the idea about the shelflife of the product at various temperature and this can be useful in deciding the expiry date of the product on label.

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In India, many states grow soybean crops but Madhya Pradesh has the first position in soybean-growing states and it is also known as soya state. Maharashtra and Rajasthan state has a second and third position in India. Three states mainly Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Rajasthan accounted for almost 90% of the area under soybean cultivation. The area of soybean in Madhya Pradesh is 5.91million hectares with a total production of 4.91million tonnes with an average yield of 831million kg/ha. Maharashtra and Rajasthan cultivate soybean in an area of 3.70 and 1.20 million hectares with a production of 2.06 and 1.00 million tonnes with an average yield of 557 and 833 million kg/ ha respectively (Agricultural statistical at a glance 2016). Twenty years of data were collected for the study. The area, production, and productivity, cost of cultivation, gross income, factors affecting the profitability of soybean by collected from secondary data. Secondary data was collected from different publications. The analytical tools used were absolute change, relative change, simple growth rate, compound growth rate and coefficient of variation. The trend and growth rates of labour cost in Maharashtra showed that more than 50 per cent of the costs were incurred in human labor followed by machine labour and bullock labour. The bullock labour constituted about 18 per cent of the total labour costs and surprisingly much of labour cost in Maharashtra was not substituted by machine labour as observed in Madhya Pradesh. Decrease in the labour units for the cultivation of one hectare of land over the study period in Maharashtra shows that the marginal productivity of labour in soybean cultivation was increasing which was desirable. Increase in the labor cost was due to the increase in the unit labor rate. The bullock labour units were also showed a decreasing trend during the study period but the unit rate was increasing. Trend and growth of major inputs indicated that seed, fertilizers and manures, plant protection chemicals and irrigation were the major inputs used in Maharashtra. The highest growth rate was observed in plant protection chemicals which further depicted the increasing use of chemicals in pests and disease management or increasing incidence of pests and disease in soybean cultivation. Followed by, growth in irrigation charges also increased indicating that more investment for irrigation was observed in the soybean farmers of Maharashtra. The quantity of seed was decreasing but fertilizers and manures used per hectare were increasing during the study period in Maharashtra. Similar to Madhya Pradesh the unit rates for the inputs were increasing resulting in the increase in the input costs. Similar to Madhya Pradesh, the increase in the cost of seed incurred can be due to use of hybrid seed. The increase in the cost of manure can be due to farmers were not having sufficient own farm manure which makes the farmer to buy it from other sources. Therefore, there is an increase demand for manure in the market. Which pushes the ...

Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Shajapur conducted 60 front line demonstrations of soybean cultivation on the farmer’s field for a period of 4 years from 2012-13 though 2015-16 to transfer scientific soybean cultivation technology among the famers of Shajapur district. The result revealed that the improved varieties of soybean JS- 335, JS-93-05 and JS-95-60 recorded 9.06 per cent, 14.03 per cent and 10.14 per cent higher yield respectively in demonstration plot compared to farmer practices. The increase in productivity was observed under recommended technology over the check plots i.e. 18.18 per cent, 7.63 per cent, 11.50 per cent and 13.04 per cent during 2012-13, 2013-14, 2014-15 and 2015-16 respectively. The productivity was found better under demo plots as compared to local practices. Therefore, soybean cultivation has broad scope to increase the area and production in Shajapur district. The demonstration has raised an additional income of the farmer Rs 4500 to 11000 per ha and 3.49 to 4.68 increment benefit cost ratio.

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