WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:Preschool-aged children have the highest risk of falling from windows, boys fall more frequently than girls, and the number of falls from windows peaks during warmer months. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:This study is the first to use a nationally representative sample of children treated in US hospital emergency departments, over a 19-year period, to identify risk factors and trends for pediatric window fall-related injuries.abstract OBJECTIVE: To examine the epidemiological features of pediatric injuries related to falls from windows. METHODS:By using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, emergency department (ED) data for pediatric injury cases associated with window falls in 1990 -2008 were reviewed. RESULTS:An estimated 98 415 children (95% confidence interval [CI]: 82 416 -114 419) were treated in US hospital EDs for window fallrelated injuries during the 19-year study period (average: 5180 patients per year [95% CI: 4828 -5531]). The mean age of children was 5.1 years, and boys accounted for 58.1% of cases. One-fourth (25.4%) of the patients required admission to the hospital. The annual injury rate decreased significantly during the study period because of a decrease in the annual injury rate among 0-to 4-year-old children. Children 0 to 4 years of age were more likely to sustain head injuries (injury proportion ratio [IPR] CONCLUSIONS:To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate window fall-related injuries treated in US hospital EDs by using a nationally representative sample. These injuries are an important pediatric public health problem, and increased prevention efforts are needed, including development and evaluation of innovative prevention programs. Pediatrics 2011;128:455-462