In the historically Orthodox Christian heartlandsofEastern and South EasternEurope, as wellassometimes in the Orthodox diasporiccommunities around the globe,one may come across fundamentalist-like phenomena. Forvarious reasons explainedinthis paper Isubsume these cases under acategory whichIcall rigorism.Such cases exhibit certain particularitiesvis-à-vis their Western Christian or Islamic counterparts and also attest to the diversity existing within the wider and dispersedb ody of Orthodox Christianity. Orthodox rigorists of varied provenance are at times in serious tension and conflict with the respectiveofficial OrthodoxChurches,while in other instances they collaborate with them for common purposes. Using varioust heoretical perspectives on this topic and selectedexamples from different Orthodox contexts,this paper attempts to delineate the main contours of this phenomenonb yf ocusing on the bearers of rigorism and their activities,t he main characteristics, the socio-historical background and the later transformations of this phenomenon including its endogenous and exogenous causes.Finally, the potentialresources and counter-currents from within the Orthodoxworld, which are aimed at neutralizing the rigorist influences,are also presentedand discussed.Va silios N. Makrides is Professor of Religious Studies (specializinginOrthodoxChristianity)atthe
The island of Cyprus is, historically speaking, quite diverse and plural in religious terms. Due to its strategic geographical position in the Eastern Mediterranean and its occupation by several rulers, it is not accidental that various ethno-religious communities (Byzantine and Greek Orthodox, Maronites, Roman Catholics, Muslims, Armenians, Anglicans, Jews) settled at various periods in Cyprus and sometimes acquired firm footholds. This very fact poses the question about their coexistence with the dominant religious institution of the island, namely the Orthodox Church. The authors will assess this issue while specifically taking into consideration the situation under British rule. They look first at the plural religious field in Cyprus and its maintenance, drawing on theoretical as well as historical sources. Second, they focus on the multifaceted factors that substantially affected religious coexistence and tolerance under British rule, including the development of a religiously motivated nationalism among Greek Cypriots. Finally, they explore the role of the Orthodox Church as a factor in both peace and conflict during this period, and its relationship to the religious and cultural plurality on the island. Key words: Cyprus · ethno-religious minorities · Orthodox Church · religious plurality L'île de Chypre possède, historiquement parlant, une facette religieuse assez diversifiée et plurielle. Vu sa situation géographique stratégique en Méditerranée orientale et ses occupations par différentes dominations étrangéres, ce n'est pas par accident que différentes communautés ethnoreligieuses (byzantine et orthodoxe grecque, maronite, catholique romaine, musulmane, arménienne, anglicane, juive) ont colonisé Chypre à différentes périodes et y ont parfois acquis une importance non négligeable. Ce fait même pose la question de leur coexistence avec l'institution religieuse dominante de l'île, l'Église orthodoxe. Les auteurs évaluent cette question en prenant spécifiquement en considération la situation sous la domination britannique. Ils examinent d'abord le champ religieux pluriel à Chypre et son maintien en faisant appel à des sources théoriques autant qu'historiques. En second lieu, ils s'intéressent aux facteurs à facettes multiples qui ont considérablement influencé la coexistence religieuse et la tolérance sous la domination britannique, en ce inclus le développement d'un nationalisme motivé par la religion parmi les Chypriotes grecs. Enfin, ils explorent le rôle de at University of Bath -The Library on June 18, 2015 scp.sagepub.com Downloaded from 70 Social Compass 56(1) l'Église orthodoxe en tant que facteur de paix et de conflit durant cette période et sa relation à la pluralité religieuse et culturelle sur l'île. Mots-clés: Chypre · Église orthodoxe · minorités ethno-religieuses · pluralité religieuse
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