The paper aimed to present the effects of different types of fertilizers on several soybean quantitative traits (plantheight, first pod height, number of pods per plant, number of grain per plant, grain yield per plant, 1000-grain weightand grain yield) and seeds’ composition (dry matter, protein content, ash content, oil content, total carbohydrates, totalflavonoids, total phenols and total carotenoids content). The experiment was conducted in 2019, in the experimentalfield of Soybean Breeding Laboratory from the Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda (ARDS Turda),and included 15 fertilization trials. An early maturing soybean variety (Caro TD) obtained at ARDS Turda was used forthe experiment. The results showed that increases in yield were obtained with various combinations of the commercialfertilizer. The application of N20P20K0 combined with seed treatment and foliar Bio-fertilizer with 80% amino acids,significantly increased the values for all quantitative traits and also grain yield, while with respect to seed compositionthe best ranked type of treatment was T7(ecological products).
Soybean is one of the most important crops in the world due to its high nutritional value and also because its importance in crop rotation. Soybeans have relatively high requirements for soil nutrients, but also for its structure. Adequate nutrient support can ensure both high and stable yields and a high fat and protein content, soybeans being considered an important source of macronutrients. In order to estimate the genetic parameters of some yield components and quality traits in soybean crop, a two years polifactorial experiment was carried out at Research and Development Station for Agriculture Turda, Romania (RDSA Turda). The experiment had an area of 57 x 35 m and was based on a subdivided parcel design with three replications, using plots of 5 m2. It included 13 soybean cultivars from three maturity groups fertilized with 3 different doses (without fertilization, 150 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha, 250 kg/ha complex fertilizer) and two mineral fertilizers (NPK 16:16:16 and NPK 27:13.5:0). Seven varieties (Perla, Carla TD, Felix, Onix, Caro TD, Ada TD, Raluca TD) and six perspective lines (T-295, T-161, T-165, T-6117, T-166, T-6126) developed at RDSA Turda were used for the experiment. Yield, insertion of the basal pods, number of pods/plant, number of grain/plant, grain weight/ plant and thousand kernel weight (TKW), were studied. Regarding the quality parameters, fat and protein content were analysed. The results obtained reveald that yield, yield elements, protein and fat content were very high influenced by the genotype. Small influence of the experimental factor dose of fertilization in yield was observed. Regarding the genetic parameters, for seed size (TKW) was recorded high values for heritability in broad sense, for genetic advance and also for genetic advance in percent, sugesting that soybean grain yield cand be improved by the direct selection of genotypes with high values of TKW.
Soybean is one of the most important sources of vegetable oil and protein. The aim of this study is to evaluate the behavior of 75 European soybean genotypes from four maturity groups regarding the influence of climatic conditions of 2020 on soybean main growing and development stages. The experiment was conducted at the ARDS Turda in 2020, using a complete randomized block design with three replications. Dates of emergence (VE) and beginning of flowering (R1), were recorded for all 75 soybean cultivars from each of the four maturity groups (000 to I). Results obtained show that growing, and development stages of the studied soybean genotypes are according both with: thermal units and daily period from sunrise to sunset. Effects of daylength and temperature on soybean development were estimated. The rate of development to flowering was fastest for the very early genotypes than for genotypes in the semi-early maturity group (MG).
Soybeans (Glycine max L. Merril) is the world’s most important seed legume and she is considered a basic food with a high nutritional value. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of two types of chemical complex fertilizers (NPK 27:13.5:0 and NPK 16:16:16) with four levels of fertilization (unfertilized, 150 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha and 250 kg/ha) on the main soybean growing stages in 2019. Field experiments were conducted in the soil and climate conditions of the Agricultural Research and Development Station from Turda. The vegetation stages of the studied soybean genotypes were influenced by: atypical climatic conditions of this year and also the type of fertilizer and the fertilization dose. By analyzing the experimental data, it was noted that one genotype had longer growing season (Raluca TD variety: 135-140 days), and three genotypes had shortest growing season (Perla variety: 122-125 days; Carla TD variety: 121-123 days; T-295 line: 121-123 days).
Soybean is one of the most important leguminous crops due to its high oil and protein content with a significant role in nutrition. Micronutrients for soybean growth and development are very important and foliar fertilization is used to overcome environmental stress and help soybean plants to fill their nutritive needs. The research was carried out in 2020 by the Soybean Breeding Laboratory from the Agricultural Research and Development Station in Turda, Romania. Foliar fertilization had both positive and negative effects for 1000-grain weight and yield however, quality traits do not seem to be influenced by applying supplement of microelements during the vegetation period. The research suggests that genotype is the determining factor in the efficiency of foliar fertilization. In this sense, the present experiment will continue to bring answers regarding the effects of foliar fertilizers on some soybean genotypes.
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