Purpose Hybrid rice is considered as one of the technologies having the potential to push the production frontier to meet the growing demand for rice in India. The technology was introduced in India in 1994 but is yet to see widespread adoption. The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors that influence the partial/complete adoption of hybrid rice technology by the farmers in India. This study also assesses the factors behind difference in the share of land allocated to hybrid rice cultivation by farmers. Design/methodology/approach The study employs a Tobit model to evaluate the impact of factors related to technology, farmer, farm and geographical location on the decision to adopt hybrid rice. Data for this study are compiled from surveys of 441 hybrid rice growing farmers across 3 Indian states conducted during 2012-2013. Findings The paper finds that farmers with smaller landholdings, higher education and higher experience of growing hybrid rice are more likely to be complete adopters. Farmers reporting good demand for hybrid rice output and availability of subsidy on hybrid rice seeds also have higher probability of being complete adopters. However, the availability of hybrid rice seeds in government outlets and cultivating multiple kharif crops are negatively related to the extent of hybrid rice adoption. The results suggest insignificant impact of age, family size, ownership of cattle and machinery on the adoption level of hybrid rice by the farmers. Research limitations/implications Although the sample for this study has been collected from three states with different agro-climatic zones and productivity, the results cannot be generalized for other states. Originality/value There is a great potential to increase the area under hybrid rice cultivation in India. This study is one of the first attempts to look at the adoption levels of hybrid rice in India and determine the factors which might be hindering the complete adoption of the technology. Focusing on the factors positively related to complete adoption can help in enhancing the area under hybrid rice and similar approach can be used for other new agricultural technologies in the developing country context.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the determinants of mobile app stickiness (MASS) in emerging economies. Design/methodology/approach The study proposes a research model about how perceived interactivity (PI), perceived value, flow and self-efficacy influence MASS. The proposed model is then assessed in partial least square structural equation modeling using a survey sample of 587 mobile app users in India. Follow-up in-depth interviews are conducted to corroborate with statistical findings. Findings PI does not exert a significant direct influence on MASS. Rather, it is through perceived hedonic and utilitarian values and flow, which magnifies MASS. Also, mobile app users in emerging economies perceive an app to be interactive based on the app’s higher degrees of connectedness, non-verbal information and responsiveness, and not so much as reciprocity and control. Research limitations/implications Besides the demographic and geographic limitations of the sample, the study emphasizes only the positive cursors of MASS, such as value and loyalty benefits. It presents a future scope to empirically examine stickiness using negative cursors, such as identity theft, stress and health issues. Practical implications The study serves as a potential landscape for mobile app developers, consultants and service providers to identify unique daily-life requirements for mobile apps in emerging economies. Social implications The study creates a case for the mobile-commerce industry to consider socio-economic and socio-environmental factors while developing mobile apps for emerging economies. Originality/value Given the recent growth of mobile devices, services and broadband connectivity in emerging economies, this study provides a new perspective about different factors leading to MASS.
This paper reviews the literature on the bottom of the pyramid (BoP) across disciplines using systematic literature review (SLR). It explores the evolution of literature over the last 20 years, beginning with the work of C.K. Prahalad. A systematic search resulted in 665 publications related to BoP in various journals. This paper analyses these BoP publications from the start of the concept until 2018 using bibliographic data and thematic analysis of the entire text of the most influential papers. The analysis involves identifying trends in publications and citations, most-cited journals and papers, most productive and influential authors in the field. The results indicate a surge in BoP research. We also find that the focus of the research has shifted to newer disciplines. A thematic analysis of the top 151 papers in BoP indicates the domain's evolution over the years. Overall, the results suggest a sustained and growing interest in BoP. The findings also indicate a shift in focus and nature of the research over the years.
The paper examines the extent, nature, and factors affecting women’s involvement in participatory irrigation institutions of eastern India. Effective participatory water institutions are urgently needed to improve water management in eastern India, and a significant aspect of this is the involvement of women. There is inadequate representation, participation, and involvement of women in most water institutions. From the participatory and social point of view, this is a significant concern. The relevant data are obtained from the states of Assam and Bihar through a focused survey administered to 109 women in 30 water institutions, and a larger farmer-institutional survey covering 510 households and 51 water institutions. The research examines the extent and nature of the involvement of women in these institutions, as well as in farm decision-making, and the factors that prevent or foster their participation. Additionally, it examines the gender congruence in views regarding water institution activities and their performance, and the perceived benefits of formal involvement of women. The results show that their inclusion is very low (except required inclusion in Bihar), and the concerns of women are usually not being taken into account. Women are involved in farming and water management decisions jointly with men but not independently. Findings indicate that the views of women and men differ on many aspects, and so their inclusion is important. Responses indicate that if women participate formally in water user associations, it would enhance their social and economic standing, achieve greater gender balance, expand their awareness of water management, and contribute to better decision-making in the water institutions.
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