ObjectivesThe distribution of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity variables were studied among tribal and non‐tribal populations with East Asian ancestry from northeast India.MethodsData pertaining to somatometric measurements, blood pressure, lipid profile, and fasting blood glucose were collected from 1916 participants (Mizo‐422, Liangmai‐352, and Meitei‐1142) of both sexes older than 18 years. Two‐way ANOVA and chi square analysis were done to understand the inter‐population prevalence differences.ResultsDifferential distribution of obesity variables, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia was observed among the three populations.ConclusionsPopulation‐specific prevalence studies need to be conducted to develop population‐specific health strategies, specifically in countries like India with huge diversity.
Type 2 diabetes is a serious public health concern in India, even the indigenous tribal populations are not felt unaffected. The present study aims to understand the association of major risk factors i.e obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, ACE I/D polymorphism with impaired (IFG) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) among two different Mendelian populations of North East India. METHOD Demographic, somatometric and physiological variables along with fasting blood samples were collected from 609 individuals. ACE I/D polymorphism was screened. RESULT ACE I/D polymorphism was found to follow HWE among Liangmai tribe but not among Mizo tribe. Distribution of DD genotype/D allele was found to be signi cantly higher for T2D among Mizo (OR 2.10; 95% CI 1.10-4.39, OR 2.10;1.16-4.09 respectively ).Signi cant association between DD genotype/D allele of ACE I/D polymorphism and TC in both IFG (OR 2.22; 95% CI 1.14-4.32) and T2D (OR 2.53; were observed . LDL was also found to posed signi cant risk for IFG (OR 2.10;95% CI 1.10-3.91) and T2D (OR 1.04; 95%CI 1.02-1.06).
CONCLUSIONThe present study is an example of gene-environment interaction where DD genotype or D allele and dyslipidemia (high TC and high LDL) are posing risk for IFG and T2D both independently and in combination only among Mizo tribe with relatively less physical activity attributed to their residence in less hilly terrain, but Liangmai tribe which resides in high hilly terrain shows no such association.
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