The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional capacity and the performance of respiratory and quadriceps muscles in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and relate them to nutritional status and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV 1). Methods: Twelve patients with moderate COPD (70±7 years, FEV 1 52±17% predicted, body mass index (BMI) 23±4kg/m 2) and seven healthy volunteers (69±8 years, FEV 1 127±12% predicted, BMI 27±3kg/m 2) were evaluated. All of them underwent body composition analysis, measurement of respiratory muscle strength (maximum inspiratory pressure, MIP, and maximum expiratory pressure, MEP), cardiorespiratory exercise test (CET) and evaluation of palm grip strength, peak torque and total work or endurance of the quadriceps femoris. Results: The patients with COPD had lower values for the free-fat mass (LBM) index (18±1 versus 21±1kg/m 2 , p≤0.05), maximum load attained in the CET (60±20 versus 102±18 watts, p≤0.01), MIP (58±19 versus 87±21cmH 2 O, p≤0.05), palm grip strength (38±6 versus 47±5kg, p≤0.05), peak torque (103±21 versus 138±18Nm, p≤0.05) and total work of the quadriceps femoris (1570±395 versus 2333±568J, p≤0.05) when compared with the control group (independent Student's t test). There was no correlation between FEV 1 and the variables studied, while the LBM correlated with the total work of the quadriceps (Pearson, r=0.6290, p≤0.05). Conclusions: These results indicate that patients with COPD show weakness of the inspiratory and quadriceps muscles and lower functional capacity, when compared with a healthy group. Moreover, they suggest that the degree of airflow obstruction is not a good predictor for quantifying the nutritional and muscle impairments in patients with COPD.

Introduction: Dynamic hyperinflation (Dh) is one of the ventilatory mechanisms that may contribute towards limiting the activities of daily living (ADls) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (CopD). the objectives of this study were to evaluate the presence of Dh, by means of inspiratory capacity (IC), IC / total lung capacity (tlC) ratio and by the sensation of dyspnea, following an ADl performed using the upper limbs. method: the participants were 32 individuals aged 54 to 87 years (69.4 ± 7.4) who presented moderate-to-severe CopD. the patients selected underwent pulmonary function tests, spirometry and whole-body plethysmography. For the spirometric and pulmonary volume maneuvers, a conventional system was used (vmax22 Autobox). the IC was determined using a vmax229d ventilatory measurement system. the patients were asked to lift up pots weighing between 0.5 and 5.0 kg over a five-minute period, picking up the pots from a surface at waist level and putting them onto a shelf above head height. All the patients were evaluated regarding IC and using the Borg scale for dyspnea. the data were analyzed using Student's t test for paired samples, pearson's correlation and the wilcoxon test (p< 0.05). Results: there were reductions in IC and IC/tlC (p= 0.0001) following the ADl. the dyspnea increased after the exercise (p< 0.05). Conclusion: the ADl using the upper limbs caused Dh, as shown by the reductions in IC and IC/tlC and also by the increase in dyspnea.

Third International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine for Latin America plays a critical role in the inflammatory response and, potentially, a polymorphism in IRAK1 may alter the immune response impacting clinical outcome. P2 Gene expression and intracellular NF-κ κB activation after HMGB1 and LPS stimuli in neutrophils from septic patients