This paper presents the effects of variables such as electrode material, electrode distance, pH, initial concentration of Cr(VI), applied
current, electrolyte and time duration in the treatment of contaminated groundwater for the removal of Cr(VI) at two different concentrations
of 200 and 800 mg/L of Cr(VI) using batch electrocoagulation process. Initially, the conditions were optimized from synthetic contaminated
water, which was in congruence with chloride and sulphate ions as present in the contaminated groundwater. The optimum conditions
obtained on removal of Cr(VI) from synthetic contaminated water were applied in real Cr(VI) contaminated groundwater collected from
a bore well at chromate ore processing residue (COPR) dumpsite. The results of the treated contaminated groundwater were found that all
the parameters were within the limits of Pollution Control Board discharge standards. The efficiency and energy consumption on the
removal of Cr(VI) from real contaminated groundwater were compared with and without addition of NaCl. The results suggest that the
optimum conditions for a 99.99% removal efficiency were initial concentration 200 mg/L of Cr(VI), pH 6.0, applied current 2 A, electrolyte
2 g/L of NaCl, time duration 35 min and energy consumption 2.625 Whr/m3.
The most common methodology for removal of Cr(VI) in literatures is the combination of reduction and precipitation process. The disadvantages of this method are presence of high total dissolved solids in the treated water and sludge generation. In order to find a new solution, efforts have been focussed to convert Cr(VI) present in the groundwater, into the useful products like zinc chromate and barium chromate under appropriate conditions. The efficiency of these conversions is compared with the efficiency of the reduction and precipitation process adopted in this study, using sodium metabisulphite. These experimental studies were carried out with stimulated water containing 2000 mg/L of Cr(VI) and then extended to Cr(VI) contaminated groundwater with same concentration. The results are compared and validated through batch experiments.
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