This was an open labeled clinical study to compare the lipid profile in normotensive and hypertensive pregnant women.The study included two groups-50 normotensive and 50 preeclamptic pregnant women in whom fasting blood samples were sent for estimation of serum lipid profile during their third trimester. There was a significant increase (p<0.5) in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol and triglycerides in preeclamptic group compared to normotensive group. There was a significant decrease in HDL cholesterol in preeclamptic group compared to normotensive group. This study in correlation with various other studies concluded that dyslipidemia plays an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among females worldwide and the most common cancer among females in developing countries including India. 1,2 The importance of cervical cancer further lies in the fact, that the natural history has a long latent phase which enables detection and treatment of the premalignant lesions. The Pap screening test provides a simple, easy and effective means of identifying these lesions 2,3 and the ABSTRACT Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading cancers amongst women. Periodic pap screening is the simplest way to diagnose precancerous lesions. Factors such as ignorance, poverty poorly developed public healthcare delivery system put women in urban slums at a disadvantage for receiving any health screening activity. Objectives of the present study were to know the prevalence of epithelial cell abnormalities of the cervix among the subjects and to study the association with clinical and demographic characteristics. Methods: A camp based descriptive study was conducted in an urban ward. All women above the age of 20 years were included in the study. Data was recorded using a pretested questionnaire. Study variables included sociodemographic characteristics, symptoms of reproductive tract infection, findings of clinical examination, and Pap smear collection and evaluation. The latter was done from 194 women aged between 20-69 years. Pap smears were made by conventional Pap smear technique and reported according to The Revised Bethesda System of classification 2001(TBS). Results: Among the 194 women, in 8 subjects, the smears collected were unsatisfactory for evaluation. Analysis was done in the remaining 186 subjects. Among the latter, in 83.9%, the smears were negative for intraepithelial lesions (NIEL) and 16.1% revealed epithelial cell abnormalities (ECA). Among those with ECA, Atypical cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) was identified in 66.67%, Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions(LSIL) in 16.67%, Atypical squamous cells-cannot exclude HSIL (ASC-H) and Atypical glandular cells-not otherwise specified (AGC-NOS) in 6.67% each and High grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in 3.33%. Epithelial cell abnormalities were more common in women in the age group of 30-60 years (80%), they were more common in those with age at marriage between 13-18 years (63.3%) and in those with age at first child birth between 15-19 years (56.7%). Conclusions: Therefore there is a need for Pap screening at regular intervals through camp based approach in these populations to motivate the women, increase their awareness, ensure follow up and referral and timely intervention in appropriate cases.
INTRODUCTION Birth defects (also called congenital anomalies) are defined as abnormalities of both structures or functions that are present at birth and are of prenatal origin. They contribute to a significant proportion of perinatal, neonatal & childhood mortality as well as morbidity. AIM To study at birth, prevalence of selected birth defects among babies delivered at King George Hospital, Visakhapatnam, from Jan 2015 to December 2015, appropriate management strategy of the most common neural tube defects. RESULTS Among the total deliveries of 6088 in the above period, the incidences of birth defects were 88 (1.44%), the most common among them were neural tube defects. CONCLUSION Birth defect surveillance and standardisation of the data is essential to understand the public health burden and to design appropriate prenatal prevention programs.
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