Introduction Although several theories and treatment plans use unusual sexual fantasies (SF) as a way to identify deviancy, they seldom describe how the fantasies referred to were determined to be unusual. Aim The main goal of this study was to determine which SF are rare, unusual, common, or typical from a statistical point of view among a relatively large sample of adults recruited from the general population. A secondary goal was to provide a statistical comparison of the nature and intensity of sexual fantasies for men and women. This study also aims at demonstrating with both quantitative and qualitative analyses that certain fantasies often considered to be unusual are common. Methods An Internet survey was conducted with 1,516 adults (799 ♀; 717 ♂) who ranked 55 different SF and wrote their own favorite SF. Each SF was rated as statistically rare (2.3% or less), unusual (15.9% or less), common (more than 50%), or typical (more than 84.1% of the sample). Main Outcome Measures An extended version of the Wilson's Sex Fantasy Questionnaire with an open question. Results Only two sexual fantasies were found to be rare for women or men, while nine others were unusual. Thirty sexual fantasies were common for one or both genders, and only five were typical. These results were confirmed with qualitative analyses. Submission and domination themes were not only common for both men and women, but they were also significantly related to each other. Moreover, the presence of a single submissive fantasy was a significant predictor of overall scores for all SF in both genders. Conclusion Care should be taken before labeling an SF as unusual, let alone deviant. It suggested that the focus should be on the effect of a sexual fantasy rather than its content.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a risk factor for fractures. The current evaluation of fracture risk is based upon the combination of various clinical factors and quantitative imaging of bone. X-ray-based tools were developed to evaluate bone status and predict fracture risk. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is available worldwide. Longitudinal studies showed that low areal Bone Mineral Density (BMD) measured by DXA predicts fractures in the CKD population as it does in non uremic populations, with good specificity and moderate sensitivity. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) and high resolution pQCT are research tools which measure volumetric BMD at the tibia and radius. They are able to discriminate between the cortical and trabecular envelopes which are differentially affected by renal osteodystrophy. In CKD, a rapid thinning and increased porosity at the cortex is observed which is associated with increased the risk for fracture.

Accurately determining time-of-onset of cerebral infarction is important to clearly identify patients who could benefit from reperfusion therapies. We assessed the kinetics of peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1), a protein involved in oxidative stress during the acute phase of ischemia, and its ability to determine stroke onset in a population of patients with known onset of less than 24 hours and in a control group. Median PRDX1 levels were significantly higher in stroke patients compared to controls. PRDX1 levels were also higher from blood samples withdrawn before vs. after 3 hours following stroke onset, and before vs. after 6 hours. ROC analysis with area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) determined from the Youden index was performed to assess the ability of PRDX1 levels to determine onset. Diagnostic performances of PRDX1 levels were defined by an AUC of 69%, Se of 53% and Sp of 86% for identifying cerebral infarction occurring <3 hours, and an AUC of 68%, Se of 49% and Sp of 88% for cerebral infarction occurring <6 hours. These first results suggest that PRDX1 levels could be the basis of a new method using biomarkers for determining cerebral infarction onset.

La consommation de substances psychoactives (SPA) et la participation à des jeux de hasard et d’argent (JHA) font partie des conduites à risque à l’adolescence. Certaines études montrent que le fait de jouer à des JHA et celui d’éprouver des problèmes de JHA sont associés aux problèmes de consommation de SPA chez les jeunes, mais elles documentent peu quelles activités (nature et quantité) et types de JHA (Internet ou non-Internet) sont plus spécifiquement reliés aux problèmes de consommation de SPA à l’adolescence. Les travaux de la présente étude visent à explorer les liens entre les activités de JHA, le nombre de JHA et les types de JHA d’une part, et les SPA consommées ainsi que la gravité de la consommation de SPA, d’autre part. Pour ce faire, une étude a été réalisée entre 2007 et 2009 auprès de 1 870 élèves de la 3e à la 5e année du secondaire, âgés de 14 à 18 ans. Un questionnaire sur les habitudes de JHA (DSM-IV-MR-J) et un autre sur la consommation de SPA (DEP-ADO) leur ont été administrés. Les résultats montrent notamment que les jeunes polyconsommateurs (alcool et cannabis) s’adonnent aux JHA dans une proportion plus élevée que les consommateurs d’alcool seulement. Aussi, le fait de jouer avec des appareils de loterie vidéo (ALV) semble être associé à une gravité plus importante de la consommation de SPA que les autres activités de JHA. Par ailleurs, une gravité plus élevée de la consommation de SPA est manifestée chez ceux qui s’adonnent à un plus grand nombre d’activités de JHA différentes. Les jeunes jouant avec les ALV et ceux faisant des paris sportifs s’adonnent à un nombre moyen de JHA différents plus important. Enfin, les joueurs Internet de l’échantillon présentent des problèmes de consommation de SPA plus graves que les joueurs non-Internet. Les implications cliniques de ces résultats sont discutées.