This article looks at proposals to improve sustainable corporate governance of companies. These include: how to deal with shareholder primacy; a proposed requirement for companies to have an overarching purpose “to create sustainable value within planetary boundaries;” a directors’ duty to promote the undertaking’s interests to fulfil its overarching purpose; a directors’ duty to balance stakeholders’ interests; a duty to undertake a due diligence sustainability assessment; company and director liability for breaches; stakeholder enforcement of directors’ duties and public enforcement of directors’ duties. It considers problems with the proposals. It suggests alternative ways to make companies’ corporate governance more sustainable, including: improved corporate reporting relating to engagement with key stakeholders and how this contributes to the company’s long-term sustainability; better viability reporting by companies; reporting on capital allocation; better stewardship similar to the UK Stewardship Code 2020; more collaborative engagement by shareholders with companies in a manner similar to that promoted by the UK Investor Forum; making requisitioning of resolutions work better in practice; and, possibly, a vote on whether the company is creating sustainable value in the long term (a say on sustainability).
The UK's recent vote for Brexit has sparked a fierce debate over the implications for the rights of EU citizens living in the UK and UK citizens living in the rest of the EU. So far, however, there has been relatively little discussion of the implications of Brexit for legal persons -that is, corporate citizens of the EU, which may also be profoundly affected by consequent changes. The ECJ's 1999 decision in Centros made clear that the freedom of establishment protects the entitlement of corporate persons formed in one EU Member State to carry on their business in another Member State. Since then, many entrepreneurs in continental European countries have chosen to form companies in the UK, while still carrying on their business in their home country. What will the consequences of Brexit be for such companies?
Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento e a qualidade de carcaça de carpa-húngara alimentada com dietas em que houve substituição da farinha de carne suína por farelos de soja e canola, bem como determinar parâmetros bioquímicos do metabolismo dos peixes e a qualidade sensorial do filé. Cada um dos farelos contribuiu com 50% da proteína na mistura. Cinco dietas foram avaliadas, com níveis de substituição (0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%) da proteína da farinha de carne suína pela mistura das fontes vegetais. A inclusão de fontes proteicas vegetais nas dietas reduziu o crescimento, a deposição de gordura corporal e no filé, e o colesterol total dos peixes. A cor e o sabor dos filés não foram afetados pela inclusão das fontes proteicas vegetais. A dieta à base de farinha de carne suína é mais eficiente para o crescimento da carpa-húngara, e proporciona maior deposição de proteína no peixe inteiro e no filé.Termos para indexação: Cyprinus carpio, farelo de canola, farelo de soja, fonte proteica animal, proteína. Replacement of pork meal by plant protein sources in Hungarian carp dietsAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate growth and carcass composition of Hungarian carp fed with diets in which pork meat meal was replaced by a combination of canola and soybean meals, as well as to determine fish metabolism biochemical parameters and the sensorial quality of the fillet. Each plant meal contributed with 50% of the dietary protein of the mixture. Five diets were tested, with replacement levels of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of pork meal by plant protein sources. The inclusion of the plant-protein meal in the diet results in lower overall growth, lower body and fillet lipid deposition and lower total cholesterol of the fish. Color and flavor of the fillets were not affected by inclusion of plant protein sources. A pork meat meal based diet is more efficient for Hungarian carp growth, and provides higher whole fish and fillet protein deposition.
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The European Commission is proposing to provide efficient rules for crossborder operations. This article suggests improvements to the cross-border merger provisions in the Consolidated Company Law Directive 2017/1132 to provide better creditor protection and minority shareholder protection, more use of the Business Registries Interconnection Service and a simpler process in simpler cases. It suggests provisions relevant for creditor protection in the case of cross-border divisions, the process to be followed for a cross-border division and a simpler process for simpler cases. It also suggests a process for cross-border conversions and provisions to protect creditors and minority shareholders.
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