A mixed-method research approach was developed to address description, definition, and measurement in ill-defined training domains. A series of research efforts were conducted to demonstrate the approach and assess its viability. The ill-defined domain that served as the vehicle for this effort was the sense-making (perceptual and interpretive) process of the ethical decision making experience among United States Military Academy Cadets. Here, we empirically derived a thematic model of the ethical decision making experience based on a sample of written accounts. Using the thematic model, the Ethical Perceptions Scale (EPS) was developed to measure individual and group perceptual/interpretive preferences for ethical decision making with respect to military specific ethical dilemmas. A confirmatory factor analysis supported that the Ethical Perception Scale is measuring in accord with the thematic model. We also tested the reliability and construct validity of the scale; reliability was good and construct validity indicated that the scale measures in the correct conceptual domain. The model and scale are applicable to Professional Military Ethics training for Officer Cadets and newly commissioned junior officers to cover ROTC, OCS, and USMA. The research method demonstrated may be applied to address other ill-defined domains in Army, and other, research and training contexts.
This paper reports the results of a study of homeless guests in four temporary shelter agencies in Detroit. Quantitative results as well as case studies are presented. Results suggest that the homeless population in Detroit is quite diverse but is a multiproblem population that frequently has difficulties with mental and physical health, employment, substance abuse, interpersonal relationships, and victimization. The authors conclude that a comprehensive and coordinated effort is needed by a wide range of service providers to address the needs of this group.Homelessness in America has received increasing media and research attention in recent years. Much of this attention has focused on the extent of mental illness in the homeless population, addressing the allegation that deinstitutionalization policies have substantially contributed to the larger number of homeless persons in recent years. However, the extent of psychiatric symptoms and chronic mental illness in the homeless is far from well established. In published research studies, the percentages reported for homeless persons with backgrounds of psychiatric hospitalization range from 5% to 95% and for having mental illness from 21% to 84% (Mowbray, 1985).Although it is somewhat limited, research indicates that the homeless may suffer from substantial health problems (Green, 1985; Nobel, Scott, Cavicci, & Robinson, 1985;McBride & Mulcare, 1985). Perhaps unfortunately, researchers have given most of their attention to assessing the mental instead of the physical health problems of the homeless. This limited perspective ignores the fact that the two health areas are often intertwined and both may be exacerbated by factors associated with homelessness, such as harsh living circumstances, poverty, and substance abuse (Brickner, 1985;Flynn, 1985). For those concerned with the chronically mentally ill homeless, this is an important area of research.In 1983, the Michigan Department of Mental Health received fundingThis document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers. This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly.
The objective of this research was to provide construct validity evidence for two situational judgment tests (SJTs) that were developed to evaluate the cognitive skills of experienced Army leaders in the Maneuver Captains Career Course. Specifically, the SJTs were developed to assess two different echelons of command-company command competencies and battalion staff competencies. Results from 138 officers (primarily Captains) demonstrated that the best fitting models for both SJTs were ones in which adaptive skill and task performance were separate constructs. These findings are useful for instructors in that they provide specific guidance regarding the modules that reflect performance in either adaptive or routine decision-making contexts. Further, feedback was highly favorable due to the scenario-based nature of the questions; students felt challenged by having to apply knowledge learned throughout the course. These findings indicate that a SJT may be a practical and valid method for assessing leader adaptive and decision-making skills, especially when the data will be used to compare performance across individuals. 15. SUBJECT TERMS Situational judgment test, cognitive skills, training, assessment, measurement, company command, battalion staff SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF 19. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT 20. NUMBER OF PAGES
Objective:To describe the increasing trend to appoint non-psychiatrist executive managers to Queensland Mental Health Services and report on strategies to safeguard the future of administrative psychiatrists. Conclusion:To ensure a future for administrative psychiatrists, we have formed a Queensland Interest group in Administrative Psychiatry and established a Senior Registrar post in Administrative Psychiatry for two years.
Objective: To describe the increasing trend to appoint non‐psychiatrist executive managers to Queensland Mental Health Services and report on strategies to safeguard the future of administrative psychiatrists. Conclusion: To ensure a future for administrative psychiatrists, we have formed a Queensland Interest group in Administrative Psychiatry and established a Senior Registrar post in Administrative Psychiatry for two years.
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