RESUMO.A pérola-da-terra Eurhizococcus brasiliensis (Hempel in Wile) (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) é uma das principais pragas da videira na Região Sul do Brasil. Neste trabalho, foi avaliada a resistência de cultivares de Vitis rotundifolia (Bountiful, Chief, Creek, Dixie, Magnolia, Magoon, Noble, Regale, Roanoke, Sumith e Topsail) à pérola-da-terra, comparando-as com o porta-enxerto 101-14 (Vitis riparia x Vitis rupestris). O experimento foi instalado em área naturalmente infestada pela praga, avaliando-se a resistência dos genótipos mediante a contagem do número de insetos presentes nas raízes, peso seco das plantas (parte aérea + raízes) e mortalidade após três anos. Todas as cultivares de V. rotundifolia apresentaram baixo índice de infestação pela pérola-da-terra, maior vigor e menor mortalidade quando comparadas ao porta-enxerto 101-14. Todas as plantas do portaenxerto 101-14 morreram após o segundo ano de plantio. As cultivares Bountiful, Chief, Magoon, Magnólia e Regale apresentaram reduzida infestação pela praga, o que demonstra a existência de resistência do tipo antixenose e/ou antibiose. A cultivar Dixie foi a mais infestada pela cochonilha, porém apresentou vigor elevado, indicando a existência de tolerância entre os genótipos. Os resultados demonstram que as cultivares de V. rotundifolia Bountiful, Chief, Magoon, Magnólia e Regale apresentam reduzida infestação por E. brasiliensis e podem ser empregadas como produtoras e/ou fontes de resistência à praga em programas de melhoramento. Palavras-chave: Muscadinia rotundifolia, Eurhizococcus brasiliensis, cultivares de videira, porta-enxertos, Vitis.ABSTRACT. Evaluation of the resistance of Vitis rotundifolia cultivars to brazilian ground pearl (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) in southern Brazil. Brazilian ground pearl Eurhizococcus brasiliensis (Hempel in Wile) (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) is one of the main grape pests in southern Brazil. The resistance of Vitis rotundifolia cultivars (Bountiful, Chief, Creek, Dixie, Magnolia, Magoon, Noble, Regale, Roanoke, Sumith and Topsail) to Brazilian ground pearl was evaluated by comparison with 101-14 (Vitis riparia x Vitis rupestris) rootstock. The experiment was conducted in a naturally infested field, by measuring pest infestation on roots, dry weight of plants (leaves + roots) and mortality during three years. V. rotundifolia cultivars showed a reduced infestation by the pest, a higher vigor and lower mortality when compared to 101-14 rootstock. All 101-14 plants were killed by the pest after the second year in the field. The cultivars Bountiful, Chief, Magoon, Magnolia and Regale had low pest infestation, showing antixenosis or antibiosis resistance. The Dixie cultivar showed a higher pest infestation; however, this was associated with high plant vigor, suggesting the existence of tolerance. The results show that V. rotundifolia cultivars Bountiful, Chief, Magoon, Magnolia and Regale showed a low infestation by E. brasiliensis and can be alternatives for direct fruit production or pest resistance source in plant breed...
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