Introduction:The presence of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in the communities of the Campus FIOCRUZ Mata Atlântica (CFMA) in the City of Rio de Janeiro initiated the investigation of the Phlebotominae fauna in the Atlantic Forest to determine the occurrence of putative ACL vectors associated with the enzootic cycle. Methods: For 24 consecutive months, sand fl ies were captured inside the forest and in the border area near the communities. Results: The following sand fl y species were identifi ed: Brumptomyia brumpti, Brumptomyia cunhai, Brumptomyia nitzulescui, Lutzomyia edwardsi, Lutzomyia pelloni, and Lutzomyia quinquefer. Other identifi ed sand fl y vectors, such as Lutzomyia intermedia (the predominant species), Lutzomyia migonei, Lutzomyia whitmani, Lutzomyia fi scheri, and Lutzomyia hirsuta hirsuta, are associated with ACL transmission, and the vector for American visceral leishmaniases (AVL), Lutzomyia longipalpis, was also found. Conclusions: All sand fl y vectors were found in both studied environments except for Lutzomyia whitmani, which was only identifi ed in the forest. This study represents the fi rst identifi cation of Lutzomyia longipalpis in the CFMA, and the epidemiological implications are discussed.Keywords: American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. American Visceral Leishmaniasis. Rio de Janeiro City. Lutzomyia longipalpis. Lutzomyia intermedia.All the Brazilian states currently report human cases of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in a significant number of municipalities. ACL is transmitted from a complex parasitosis that involves multiple parasites, vectors and vertebrate hosts in restricted ecologic niches (1) .In the State of Rio de Janeiro, the occurrence of ACL has been recorded since the beginning of the previous century. In the last few decades, ACL has been observed in epidemic outbreaks in different municipalities, including the economically developed City of Rio de Janeiro. In the capital of the state, the disease is particularly prevalent in the western areas (2) of the region around the Pedra Branca massif in the neighborhood of Jacarepaguá where the Campus FIOCRUZ da Mata Atlântica (CFMA) is located (3) .Approximately 55% of the CFMA consists of the Pedra Branca State Park, a preserved environmental area of the Atlantic Forest. Six communities comprise the remaining 45% of the CFMA: Vianna do Castelo, Nossa Senhora dos Remédios, Faixa Azul, Fincão, Sampaio Correa, and Caminho da Cachoeira. Cases of ACL from these communities historically represent approximately 8% of all human ACL cases recorded in Rio de Janeiro with evidence of intra-and peridomiciliary transmission (3) . The current study aims to improve the understanding of the eco-epidemiology of ACL at the CFMA by studying the Phlebotominae fauna, potential vectors in the forest environment associated with a zoonotic cycle, and the interface between ACL and the community of Caminho da Cachoeira. METHODS Study areaThe CFMA is located in part of the former hospice Colonia Juliano Moreira in the neighbor...
Abstract. The present study had the objective of estimating the abundance and monthly frequency of vector phlebotomines for American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in the municipalities of Saquarema, Rio Bonito, Piraí and Rio Janeiro, in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Seven sites located in these municipalities were monitored over a 10 to 12-month period. Lutzomyia migonei (França) Lutzomyia (Pintomyia) fischeri (Pinto) and Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia (Lutz & Neiva) the vectors for ACL, were recorded in all four of these municipalities. In this study, it was noteworthy that Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva) the vector of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was registered. In addition to these vectors, three other phlebotomine species, including Lutzomyia edwardsi (Mangabeira), Lutzomyia sallesi (Galvão & Coutinho) and Lutzomyia firmatoi (Barreto, Martins & Pellegrino) were captured in peridomestic environments at the seven monitoring sites (MS) over a 1476-hour period. A total of 23,187 specimens were captured leishmaniasis vector species accounted for 99.6% of the specimens captured. Lutzomyia (N.) intermedia presented the highest abundance (SISA = 1.0) and was recorded at all monitoring sites, with the highest mean Williams values. Lutzomyia migonei was the second most abundant and was found at all sites except MS 6 (SISA = 0.66). Lutzomyia (L.) longipalpis, Lutzomyia sallesi, Lutzomyia firmatoi and Lutzomyia (P.) fischeri were occasionally observed at the MS . These studies point to the need for adoption of policies involving actions of health education, associated with the notion of environmental management and the basics concepts of the disease, as element of success of an integrated program of entomological surveillance and control of American cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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